Concert of Europe, theory of, 49, 53, 65; its character, 81; its condition after the end of the Alliance, 84; and the struggle of Mehemet Ali, 85; and the Crimean War, 86; and other mid-century wars, 88; and Congress of Berlin, 89; and the Balkan War of 1912-1913, 89, 124-127; its new meaning, 90; and the revolution of the Greeks, 107; and the Crimean War, 110; defied by Moldavia and Wallachia, 111; and the Congress of Berlin, 114, 116; and Crete, 118; defied by Balkan League, 123; incompetent to deal with the situation of 1913-1914, 130; and the Moroccan incidents, 167-173; failure of, in 1914, 180-182, 201, 234-236. Conference of Paris, see Paris. Congo, French, given up, 172. Congress of Berlin, 89, 113. Congress of Vienna, disappointments of the, 55; cause of its failure, 58. Congress of London on Balkan situation, 1913, 124. Contract theory of the origin of the state, 232-234. Crete, revolt in, 118. Crimean War, 86, 109. Cuza, John, 111. Cyprus, handed over to Great Britain, 116. Debt, public, makes for federation, 238-242. Delcassé, Théophile, his foreign policy, 98, 100, 101, 163-168; and the Fashoda incident, 162; building up French colonial power, 163-168; dismissed at the demand of Germany, 167. Democracy, not an absolute safeguard against recurring wars, 223. Dual Alliance, 95, 96. Dueling, how abolished, 232. Dum-dum bullets, 3, 5. Economic competition as an obstacle to peace, 206-211. Economic laws not unchangeable, 210; sometimes opposed to nationality, 216. England, see Great Britain. “Entangling alliances” and a federation, 276. _Entente Cordiale_, The, formed, 99, 162. Fashoda Incident, the, 98, 162. Federation, definition of, 23. Federation of Nations, why it would now have better chance of success than in 1815-1818, 72-76; discussion, 261-264; why a federation is better than a league, 261-273; analogy with the American constitution, 267-276; differences pointed out, 277; the idea held up, 278-280; arguments for, 229-253. Ferdinand, Crown Prince of Austria, 178, 180. Fez, the French in, 171. Finances, national debts make for federation, 238-242, 275.