Arthur, King -- Homes and haunts -- England -- Cornwall (County); Cornwall (England : County) -- Antiquities, Celtic
it is hardly necessary to add that there is almost every reason to
believe that this extraordinary “find” could have been nothing but
a pious fraud, _in majorem monasterii gloriam_. If the truth be not
established, however, it has been incorporated into many chronicles
as genuine history. Bale, in his _Actes of English Votaries_, bears
testimony in these words: “In Avallon, annus 1191, there found they
the fleshe bothe of Arthur and of hys wyfe Guenever turned all into
duste, wythin theyr coffins of strong oke, the bones only remaynge. A
monke of the same Abbeye, standing and beholding the fine broydinges
of the womman’s heare as yellow as golde there still to remayne: as a
man ravyshed, or more than halfe from hys wyttes, he leaped into the
graffe, XV fete depe, to have caughte them sodenlye. But he fayled
of hys purpose. For so soon as they were touched they fell all to
powder.” The reference to the depth of the grave reminds us that Stow,
in his _Chronicle_, declares that King Arthur was buried sixteen
feet underground to prevent the Saxons offering any indignity to his
corpse, “which Almighty God, for the sins of the Britons, afterwards
permitted,” he disappointingly concludes.
Camden’s account of the discovery is in these words: “When Henry II,
King of England, had learned from the songs of the British bards, that
Arthur, the most noble hero of the Britons, whose courage had so often
shattered the Saxons, was buried at Glessenbury between two pyramids,
he order’d search to be made for the body; and they had scarce digg’d
seven feet deep, but they light upon a cross’d stone (cippus) or a
stone in the back part whereof was fastened a rude leaden cross,
something broad. This being pulled out, appeared to have an inscription
upon it, and under it, almost nine foot deep, deposited the bones of
the famous Arthur. The letters have a sort of barbarous and Gothic
appearance, and are a plain evidence of the barbarity of the age,
which was involved in a fatal sort of mist, that no one was found to
celebrate the name of King Arthur.” The most detailed account of all is
given in Joseph Ritson’s scholarly work on King Arthur, and the famous
antiquary’s outspoken comments on the records “and other legendary
rhodomontades” of the monks of Glastonbury can be read with amusement
as well as with profit. It is a sufficiently remarkable fact that none
of the chroniclers agree in their details, and Matthew Paris distinctly
declares that the letters inscribed upon the tomb could “in no wise
be read on account of too much barbarism and deformity.” Antiquary
Leland was sceptical as to the coffin, and William of Malmesbury
(1143) said “The sepulchre of Arthur was never seen”; but, despite all
contradictions and doubts, the discovery seems to have been generally
accepted as genuine, while for many reasons it was gratifying to the
people of that and subsequent ages. Caxton would have regarded it as
“most execrable infidelity” to have had a doubt upon the subject.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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