Kuki (Indic people); Lushai (Asian people); Lushai language
Widows are allowed to remarry, but as a rule the brothers of the
deceased husband have a prior claim, and if the woman marries
anyone else before the annual feast in honour of the dead she has
to pay a fine, which in some clans is as much as Rs. 120/-, to her
brother-in-law. Until this annual feast has come round she must remain
in her late husband's house, but when that has been performed she
may return to her father's house if she wishes to, but in that case
the brother-in-law will take the dead man's property and children.
[Ceremonies connected with death.] All these clans bury their dead in
special cemeteries outside the village, and unnatural deaths or deaths
in childbirth are universally considered signs that the deceased has
failed in some way, and the corpses of such unfortunates are buried
outside the cemetery and with scant ceremony.
Among the Aimol, the corpse of the khul-lakpa is carried round the
village before being taken to the grave. The corpse of one who has
gained honours equivalent to Thangchhuah among the Lushais is enclosed
in a rough log coffin and kept for two days amid much drinking and
feasting, which recalls the funeral ceremonies of a Lushei chief. With
a rich man many cloths are buried and with a poor man at least one. In
addition some cooked rice, zu, a dao, some meat, and a bow and arrow
are deposited in the grave. The bow and arrow are a survival, for such
weapons have been long obsolete. Over the grave a small house is built
in which some meat and zu are placed to attract the "Khawhring." Spears
are then thrust through the house, which is then thrown away. I am
not quite clear whether the "Khawhring" in this case is supposed,
as among the Lushais, to have inhabited the body of the deceased,
or whether it is believed to be a disembodied spirit which is on the
lookout for the soul of the deceased.
Three days after the burial a wild animal is killed and zu and rice are
offered, and the spirit of the deceased is asked to go away and not
to trouble the living who have sacrificed and made an offering of zu
and rice. The Anal make a distinction between deaths in childbirth and
deaths by accident or in war. In the former case the body is buried in
the cemetery, the grave being dug by those of her household, and food
and drink and domestic utensils are deposited therein. The husband
has to sacrifice a pig and feast the village before the burial, and
the village is "sherh" for that day. The first stones and earth are
placed in the grave by aged men, and the filling then completed by
young men. The thempu having muttered some charms, the young men and
women sing and dance for the deliverance of the soul. In cases of
ordinary death the grave is dug by men not of the household, but in
case of unnatural death only old grey-headed men may perform the task,
and the grave is dug in the jungle and no dance or song terminates
the funeral, but the village is not "sherh."
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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