1. S. Napæ̀a, Cav. A smooth, tall (4--10° high) perennial; _leaves 3--7-cleft_, the lobes oblong and pointed, toothed; _flowers (white) umbellate-corymbed_, 1´ wide; carpels 10, pointed.--Rocky river-banks, along the Alleghanies, Penn. to Va., rare. (Cultivated in old gardens.) 2. S. Ellióttii, Torr. & Gray. A smooth, erect perennial (1--4° high); _leaves linear_, serrate, short-petioled; peduncles axillary, 1-flowered, short; _flowers (yellow)_ rather large; _carpels 9--10, slightly and abruptly pointed_, forming a depressed fruit.--Sandy soil, S. Va. and southward. May--Aug. S. SPINÒSA, L. Annual weed, minutely and softly pubescent, low (10--20´ high), much branched; _leaves ovate-lanceolate or oblong_, serrate, rather long-petioled; peduncles axillary, 1-flowered, shorter than the petiole; _flowers (yellow)_ small; _carpels 5_, combined into an ovate fruit, _each splitting at the top into 2 beaks_.--A little tubercle at the base of the leaves on the stronger plants gives the specific name, but it cannot be called a spine.--Waste places, S. New York to Iowa, and common southward. (Nat. from the tropics.) 7. SPHÆRÁLCEA, St. Hil. Ovules and seeds usually 2 or 3 in each cell. Characters otherwise as in Malvastrum. (Name from σφαῖρα, _a sphere_, and ἀλκέα, _a mallow_--from the commonly spherical fruit.) 1. S. acerifòlia, Nutt. Perennial, erect, 2--6° high, stellately pubescent or glabrate; leaves maple-shaped, 3--7-cleft; flowers clustered in the upper axils and subspicate, rose-color to white.--Kankakee Co., Ill., _E. J. Hill_; Dak. and westward. 8. ABÙTILON, Tourn. INDIAN MALLOW. Carpels 2--9-seeded, at length 2-valved. Radicle ascending or pointing inward. Otherwise as in Sida. (Name of unknown origin.) A. AVICÉNNÆ, Gaertn. (VELVET-LEAF.) Tall annual (4° high); leaves roundish-heart-shaped, taper-pointed, velvety; peduncles shorter than the leaf-stalks; corolla yellow; carpels 12--15, hairy, beaked.--Waste places, escaped from gardens. (Adv. from India.) 9. MODÌOLA, Moench. Calyx with a 3-leaved involucel. Petals obovate. Stamens 10--20. Stigmas capitate. Carpels 14--20, kidney-shaped, pointed, and at length 2-valved at the top; the cavity divided into two by a cross partition, with a single seed in each cell.--Humble, procumbent or creeping annuals or biennials, with cut leaves and small purplish flowers solitary in the axils. (Name from _modiolus_, the broad and depressed fruit resembling in shape the Roman measure of that name.) 1. M. multífida, Moench. Hairy; leaves 3--5-cleft and incised; stamens 15--20; fruit hispid at the top.--Low grounds, Va. and southward. 10. KOSTELÉTZKYA, Presl. Pod depressed, with a single seed in each cell. Otherwise as Hibiscus. (Named after _V. F. Kosteletzky_, a Bohemian botanist.)