Solitary in the axils of small 4-ranked leaves, or in the bases of linear radical leaves. SELAGINELLACEÆ, 697 Enclosed in peduncled sporocarps; leaves 4-foliolate. MARSILIACEÆ, 700 Sporocarps sessile beneath the stem; small, floating, pinnately branched, with minute imbricate leaves. SALVINIACEÆ, 701 SUBCLASS II. BRYOPHYTES: with cellular tissue only. [Capsules not operculate, containing spores and usually elaters, in the following Orders.] Capsule 4-valved, pedicellate; plants leafy-stemmed, rarely thallose. JUNGERMANNIACEÆ, 702 Capsule 2-valved or valveless; plants thallose. Thallus without epidermis; capsule with a columella, short-pedicelled or sessile on the thallus. ANTHOCEROTACEÆ, 726 Capsules borne beneath a pedunculate receptacle. MARCHANTIACEÆ, 727 Capsules immersed in the thallus or sessile upon it, indehiscent. RICCIACEÆ, 730 ABBREVIATIONS OF THE NAMES OF AUTHORS CITED IN THIS VOLUME. _Adans._--Adanson, Michel. _Ait._--Aiton, William. _Ait. f._--Aiton, William Townsend. _All._--Allioni, Carlo. _Anders._--Andersson, Nils Johan. _Arn._--Arnott, George A. Walker. _Aust._--Austin, Coe Finch. _Baldw._--Baldwin, William. _Bart._--Barton, William P. C. _Beauv._--Palisot de Beauvois, A. M. F. J. _Benth._--Bentham, George. _Benth. & Hook._--G. Bentham and J. D. Hooker. _Bernh._--Bernhardi, Johann Jacob. _Bess._--Besser, Wilhelm S. J. G. von. _Bieb._--Bieberstein, F. A. M. von. _Bigel._--Bigelow, Jacob. _Bisch._--Bischoff, Gottlieb Wilhelm. _Boeckl._--Boeckeler, Otto. _Boiss._--Boissier, Edmond. _Borkh._--Borkhausen, M. B. _Br., R. Br._--Brown, Robert. _Britt._--Britton, Nathaniel Lord. _Carr._--Carrière, Élie Abel. _Carring._--Carrington, Benjamin. _Cass._--Cassini, Henri. _Cav._--Cavanilles, Antonio Jose. _Cerv._--Cervantes, Vicente. _Cham._--Chamisso, Adalbert von. _Chapm._--Chapman, Alvan Wentworth. _Chois._--Choisy, Jacques Denis. _Clayt._--Clayton, John. _Cogn._--Cogniaux, Alfred. _Coult._--Coulter, John Merle. _Darl., Darling._--Darlington, William. _DC._--DeCandolle, Augustin Pyramus. _A. DC._--DeCandolle, Alphonse. _Decsne._--Decaisne, Joseph. _Desf._--Desfontaines, Réné Louiche. _Desv._--Desvaux, Nicaise Augustin. _Dicks._--Dickson, James. _Dill._--Dillenius, Johan Jacob. _Dougl._--Douglas, David. _Dufr._--Dufresne, Pierre. _Dumort._--Dumortier, Barthélemy C. _Eat._--Eaton, Amos. _Ehrh._--Ehrhart, Friedrich. _Ell._--Elliott, Stephen. _Endl._--Endlicher, Stephan L. _Engelm._--Engelmann, George. _Esch._--Eschscholtz, J. F. _Fisch._--Fischer, F. E. Ludwig von. _Foug._--Fougeroux, Auguste Denis. _Forst._--Forster, J. R. and George. _Froel._--Froelich, Joseph Aloys. _Gaertn._--Gaertner, Joseph. _Gaertn. f._--Gaertner, Carl Friedrich. _Gal._--Galeotti, Henri.