The Manufacture of Chocolate and other Cacao PreparationsZipperer, Paul
Science
The Manufacture of Chocolate and other Cacao Preparations
Zipperer, Paul
Cacao; Chocolate; Cocoa
Just as the beans of the cacao fruit are included under the botanical
concept “Seed”, so also their chemical constituents closely resemble
those common to every other seed. There are the usual reserve stuffs
inherited from the mother plant, which serve as sustenance for the
yet undeveloped organs, and compare with albumen in the feathered
world. Apart from the constituents incidental to all plant life at
this stage, such as albumin, starch, water, fat, sugar, cellulose and
mineral stuffs such as ash, the cacao seed has two other components
peculiar to itself; ~Theobromine~ and ~Cacao-red~. We adjoin
a succession of chemical determinations respecting the quantitative
proportions of these substances in the seed, and think further that we
may be allowed to cite the results of fore-time investigators in this
sphere, especially as their work has formed the basis for all future
operations, and again, in view of the doubt which still prevails in
scientific circles as to the “Normal” composition of the cacao bean.
~Table~ 4.
Percentage Composition of the Hulled Bean.
=====================+=============+==================================
Analyst | Payen[20] |Lampadius[20]| Mitscherlich[20]
=====================+=============+=============+===========+========
Constituents percent| Undescribed | West Indies | Guayaquil | Caracas
=====================+=============+=============+===========+========
1. Water | 10·0 | 3·40 | 5·60 | —
2. Nitrogenous matter| 20·0 | 16·70 | 14·39 | —
3. Theobromine | 2·2 | — | 1·20 | —
4. Fat | 52·0 | 53·10 | 45-49 | 46-49
5. Cacao-red | — | 2·07 | 3·50 | —
6. Sugar | — | — | 0·60 | —
7. Gum and Starch | 10·0 | 7·75 | 14·30 | 13·5
8. Woody fibre | 2·0 | 0·90 | 5·80 | —
9. Ash | 4·0 | 3·43 | 3·50 | —
~Table~ 5.
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