[507] Sacred Books of the East, edition of Max Müller, vol. 14, pp. 131, 205. [508] Brand, Popular Antiquities, vol. 1, pp. 391 et seq., article "Allhallow even." [509] Ibid., p. 391. [510] Ibid., p. 392. [511] Ibid., p. 393. [512] Ibid., vol. 2, pp. 237 et seq. [513] Ibid., p. 244. [514] Strabo, Geography, Bohn's edition, London, 1854, vol. 1, pp. 341, 342, footnote. [515] Brand, Popular Antiquities, vol. 1, p. 460. [516] Ibid., p. 7. [517] Strutt, Sports and Pastimes, pp. 3, 180. On the same page: "Dumb cake, a species of dreaming bread prepared by unmarried females with ingredients traditionally suggested in witching doggerel. When baked, it is cut into three divisions; a part of each to be eaten and the remainder put under the pillow. When the clock strikes twelve, each votary must go to bed backwards and keep a profound silence, whatever may appear." [518] A writer in the Gentleman's Magazine for July, 1783, inquires: "May not the _minced pye_, a compound of the choicest productions of the East, have in view the offerings made by the wise men who came from afar to worship, bringing _spices_, etc." Quoted in Brand, Pop. Ant., vol. 1, p. 526. The mince pie was before the Reformation made in the form of a crib, to represent the manger in which the holy child lay in the stable. Ibid., p. 178. [519] Heath, A Hoosier in Russia, p. 109. [520] Alvar Nuñez Cabeça de Vaca, in Ternaux-Compans, Voy., vol. 7, p. 220. [521] See also Davis, Conquest of New Mexico, p. 90. [522] William Coxe, Russian Discoveries between Asia and America, London, 1803, p. 57, quoting Steller. [523] Barcia, Ensayo Cronologico, Madrid, 1723. [524] Arabian Nights, Burton's edition, vol. 8, p. 10, footnote. [525] American Antiquarian, September, 1886, p. 281. [526] Maurice, Indian Antiquities, London, 1801, vol. 5, pp. 82 and 83. [527] Ibid., vol. 5, p. 85. [528] Schultze, Fetichism, N. Y., 1885, p. 32. [529] Paper by Dr. John G. Henderson on "Aboriginal remains near Naples, Ill.," Smith. Rept., 1882. [530] J. F. Snyder, "Indian remains in Cass County, Illinois," Smith. Rept., 1881, p. 575. [531] Rau, in Sm. Rept., 1872, p. 356. [532] "Ancient monuments of the Mississippi Valley," in Smithsonian Contributions, vol. 1, p. 160. CHAPTER III. THE IZZE-KLOTH OR MEDICINE CORD OF THE APACHE. There is probably no more mysterious or interesting portion of the religious or "medicinal" equipment of the Apache Indian, whether he be medicine-man or simply a member of the laity, than the "izze-kloth" or medicine cord, illustrations of which accompany this text. Less, perhaps, is known concerning it than any other article upon which he relies in his distress.