The Medicine-Men of the Apache. (1892 N 09 / 1887-1888 (pages 443-604))Bourke, John Gregory
Religion
The Medicine-Men of the Apache. (1892 N 09 / 1887-1888 (pages 443-604))
Bourke, John Gregory
Apache Indians -- Medicine; Apache Indians -- Religion; Apache Indians -- Rites and ceremonies; Shamans -- New Mexico
It is a well known fact that among the Romans epilepsy was looked upon
as a disease sent direct from the gods, and that it was designated the
"sacred disease"--morbus sacer. Mahomet is believed to have been an
epileptic. The nations of the East regard epileptics and the insane as
inspired from on high.
Our native tribes do not exactly believe that the mildly insane are
gifted with medical or spiritual powers; but they regard them with a
feeling of superstitious awe, akin to reverence. I have personally
known several cases of this kind, though not within late years, and am
not able to say whether or not the education of the younger generation
in our schools has as yet exercised an influence in eradicating this
sentiment.
Strange to say, I was unable to find any observance of lucky or
unlucky days among the Apache. The Romans in the period of their
greatest enlightenment had their days, both "fasti" and "nefasti."
Neither was I able to determine the selection of auspicious days for
marriage; indeed, it was stated that the medicine-men had nothing to
do with marriage. Among the Zapotecs the wedding day was fixed by the
priests.[33] In this the Apache again stands above the Roman who would
not marry in the month dedicated to the goddess Maia (May), because
human sacrifice used to be offered in that month. This superstition
survived in Europe until a comparatively recent period. According to
Picart the Hebrew rabbis designated the days upon which weddings
should take place.
Herbert Spencer[34] says that the medicine-men of the Arawaks claimed
the "jus primæ noctis." There is no such privilege claimed or conceded
among the North American tribes, to my knowledge, and the Arawaks
would seem to be alone among the natives of the whole continent in
this respect.
In the town of Cumaná, in Amaracapanna, apparently close to
Carthagena, in the present republic of Colombia, South America, the
medicine-men, according to Girolamo Benzoni, exercised the "jus primæ
noctis."[35]
To recover stolen or lost property, especially ponies, is one of the
principal tasks imposed upon the medicine-men. They rely greatly upon
the aid of pieces of crystal in effecting this. I made a friend of an
Apache medicine-man by presenting him with a large crystal of
denticulated spar, much larger than the one of whose mystical
properties he had just been boasting to me. I can not say how this
property of the crystal is manifested. Na-a-cha, the medicine-man
alluded to, could give no explanation, except that by looking into it
he could see everything he wanted to see.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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