The Mide'wiwin or "Grand Medicine Society" of the Ojibwa: Seventh Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1885-1886, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1891, pages 143-300Hoffman, Walter James
Religion
The Mide'wiwin or "Grand Medicine Society" of the Ojibwa: Seventh Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1885-1886, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1891, pages 143-300
Hoffman, Walter James
Midéwiwin; Ojibwa Indians -- Religion; Ojibwa Indians -- Rites and ceremonies; Ojibwa Indians -- Societies, etc.; Secret societies -- North America
When a candidate is prepared to advance to the third degree (No. 47)
he personates Makwa´ Man´idō, who is the guardian of this degree, and
whose tracks (No. 48) are visible. The assistants are visible upon the
interior, drumming and dancing. There are three sacred posts, the
first (No. 49) is black, and upon this is placed Kŏ-ko´-kŏ-ō´--the
Owl; the second (No. 50) is painted with white clay and has upon the
top the effigy of an owl; while the third (No. 51) is painted with
vermilion, bearing upon the summit the effigy of an Indian. Small
wooden effigies of the human figure are used by the Midē´ in their
tests of the proof of the genuineness and sacredness of their
religion, which tests will be alluded to under another caption. The
horizontal rod (No. 52), extending from one end of the structure to
the other, has suspended from it the blankets and other gifts.
The guardian of the fourth degree is Maka´no--the Turtle--as he
appears (No. 53) facing the entrance of the fourth degree (No. 54).
Four sacred posts are planted in the fourth degree; the first (No.
55), being painted white upon the upper half and green upon the lower;
the second (No. 56) similar; the third (No. 57) painted red, with a
black spiral line extending from the top to the bottom, and upon which
is placed Kŏ-ko´-kŏ-ō´--the Owl; and the fourth (No. 58), a cross, the
arms and part of the trunk of which is white, with red spots--to
designate the sacred mī´gis--the lower half of the trunk cut square,
the face toward the east painted red, the south green, the west white,
and the north black. The spot (No. 59) at the base of the cross
signifies the place of the sacred stone, while the human figures (No.
60) designate the participants, some of whom are seated near the wall
of the inclosure, whilst others are represented as beating the drum.
Upon the horizontal pole (No. 61) are shown the blankets constituting
gifts to the society.
[Illustration: Plate VIII.
Ojibwa’s Record.]
The several specific methods of facial decoration employed (Pl. VII),
according to Ojibwa’s statement, are as follows:
_First degree._--One stripe of vermilion across the face, from near the
ears across the tip of the nose.
_Second degree._--One stripe as above, and another across the eyelids,
temples, and the root of the nose.
_Third degree._--The upper half of the face is painted green and the
lower half red.
_Fourth degree._--The forehead and left side of the face, from the outer
canthus of the eye downward, is painted green; four spots of vermilion
are made with the tip of the finger upon the forehead and four upon the
green surface of the left cheek. In addition to this, the plumes of the
golden eagle, painted red, are worn upon the head and down the back.
This form of decoration is not absolutely necessary, as the expense of
the “war bonnet” places it beyond the reach of the greater number of
persons.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account