Great Britain -- History -- Henry III, 1216-1272; Henry III, King of England, 1207-1272
On 4th July the King’s guardians issued from Gloucester a summons
for a council to be held at Oxford on the 15th. It seems not to have
actually met till a week later; and on 26th or 27th July the King and
the Marshal returned to Gloucester, after issuing (22nd July) a summons
for another assembly to be held at Oxford on 6th August.[252] The royal
forces were increasing more and more. Two great nobles had joined them
since Louis’s return to England--the Earl of Warren before 22nd June,
and the Earl of Arundel before 14th July[253]--and nearly one hundred
and fifty rebels submitted between the end of May and the beginning of
August.[254] When the host re-assembled at Oxford[255] all was ready
for the final struggle. From Oxford they moved to Reading, and thence
to Farnham;[256] there, it seems, the leaders separated, the Legate
and the King going northward again with one part towards London, while
another part under the Earl Marshal and the justiciar made for the
Kentish coast to prepare for its defence against the expected French
fleet.
From Dover the Marshal summoned the men of the Cinque Ports to arm and
assemble their ships at Sandwich. The aged warrior was eager to go
forth in person and encounter the French at sea, but his men would not
suffer it; he must stay on shore, they said, “for if it chanced that
he were slain or captured, who then would defend the land?”[257] On S.
Bartholomew’s eve {Wed., 23 Aug.} he, with the Earl of Warren, King
John’s elder son Richard,[258] Philip d’Aubigné, and a host of other
“good knights,” lay encamped near Canterbury. They “slept little,” for
they all knew that the morrow might prove a day almost as momentous as
that of Senlac. At early dawn {24 Aug.} they marched to Sandwich. The
day broke clear and bright, with a “soft and pleasant” wind which soon
brought into view the armament coming from Calais.[259] It consisted
of some eighty vessels of various sizes;[260] ten of them were large
ships of war, fully armed,[261] of which four were filled with knights
and six with men-at-arms; the smaller vessels carried accoutrements
and other goods.[262] Among the knights were some of the noblest and
bravest men of France;[263] those of highest rank and fame, thirty-six
in number, together with the treasure which Blanche was sending to her
husband, were in the ship of Eustace the Monk, who seems to have been
in command of the whole fleet.[264] The vessels were making for the
mouth of the Thames,[265] and as they swept round Thanet in close array
as if ready for a fight, Eustace’s ship leading,[266] their number and
character could be plainly distinguished by the Royalists drawn up on
the shore, as well as by the sailors who manned the English ships in
Sandwich harbour.[267]
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