The Molecular Tactics of a CrystalKelvin, William Thomson, Baron
Science
The Molecular Tactics of a Crystal
Kelvin, William Thomson, Baron
Crystallography, Mathematical
hexagonal prisms, and can build up a quartz crystal by the fortuitous
concourse of atoms. I should like also to have suggested and explained
the possibility that a right-handed crystalline molecule thus formed
may, in natural circumstances of high temperature, or even of great
pressure, become changed into a left-handed crystal, or _vice-versa_.
My watch, however, warns me that I must not enter on this subject.
[Illustration: FIG. 19.]
§ 52. Coming back to mere molecular tactics of crystals, remark that
our assemblage of rounded, thoroughly scalene, tetrahedrons, shown
in the stereoscopic picture (§ 36, Fig. 13 above), essentially has
chirality because each constituent tetrahedron, if wholly scalene, has
chirality[24]. I should like to have explained to you how a single or
double homogeneous assemblage of points has essentially no chirality,
and how three assemblages of single points, or a single assemblage of
triplets of points, can have chirality, though a single triplet of
points cannot have chirality. I should like indeed to have brought
somewhat thoroughly before you the geometrical theory of chirality;
and in illustration to have explained the conditions under which four
points, or two lines, or a line and two points, or a combination of
point, line and plane, can have chirality: and how a homogeneous
assemblage of non-chiral objects can have chirality; but in pity I
forbear, and I thank you for the extreme patience with which you have
listened to me.
FOOTNOTES:
[1] See foot-note on § 22 below.
[2] The holes in the cylinders are bored obliquely, as shown in Fig.
4, which causes them to remain at any desired position on the cord and
allows them to be freed to move up and down by slackening the cord for
a moment.
[3] ‘On the Homogeneous Division of Space,’ by Lord Kelvin, _Royal
Society Proceedings_, vol. lv, Jan. 18, 1894.
[4] Similar curves are said to be parallel when the tangents to them at
corresponding points are parallel.
[5] See foot-note to § 12 above.
[6] ‘On the Division of Space with Minimum Partitional Area,’
_Philosophical Magazine_, vol. xxiv, 1887, p. 502, and _Acta
Mathematica_ of the same year.
[7] A. Levy, _Edinburgh Philosophical Journal_, April, 1822;
Whewell, _Phil. Trans. Royal Society_, 1825; Miller, _Treatise on
Crystallography_.
[8] I call any geometrical figure, or group of points, _chiral_, and
say that it has chirality, if its image in a plane mirror, ideally
realized, cannot be brought to coincide with itself. Two equal and
similar right hands are homochirally similar. Equal and similar right
and left hands are heterochirally similar or ‘allochirally’ similar
(but heterochirally is better). These are also called ‘enantiomorphs,’
after a usage introduced, I believe, by German writers. Any chiral
object and its image in a plane mirror are heterochirally similar.
[9] _Philosophical Magazine_, vol. xx, 1885, second half year, p. 469,
and _British Association Report_, 1885, Aberdeen, p. 896.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account