The Mountain Chant, A Navajo Ceremony: Fifth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1883-84, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1887, pages 379-468Matthews, Washington
Religion
The Mountain Chant, A Navajo Ceremony: Fifth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1883-84, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1887, pages 379-468
Matthews, Washington
Mountainway (Navajo rite); Navajo Indians -- Rites and ceremonies
141. _Seventh dance._ The arc bearers had scarcely disappeared when
another troupe entered the circle, the buffalo horn announcing their
coming. A man with a whizzer led the procession. The choristers, in
ordinary dress, were thirteen in number. The principal dancers were but
two; they wore the usual sash and belt; the uncovered skin was painted
white; they had on long blue woolen stockings of Navajo make and
moccasins. Each bore a slender wand of two triangles of reeds adorned at
the corners with pendant plumes. They saluted the fire as they danced
around it. They halted in the west, where the choristers sat down, and
the two wand bearers danced for three minutes in a lively and graceful
manner, to the music of the whizzer, the rattle, the choristers, and the
drum of the orchestra. These returned twice more, making some variation
in their performance each time. In the second act the rattler brought in
under his arm a basket containing yucca leaves, and a prayer was said to
the sun. It is possible that this dance was but a preliminary part of
the eighth dance, but it must be described as a separate alili.
142. _Eighth dance._ In this there were sixteen performers, in ordinary
Navajo dress. One of these bore the whizzer and led the procession;
another, who came in the center of the line, carried a hewn plank, or
puncheon, about 12 feet long and 4 inches broad, painted with spots and
decorated with tufts of piñon branchlets and with eagle plumes;
immediately behind the bearer of the plank walked a man who had in a
basket an effigy of the sun, formed of a small round mirror and a number
of radiating scarlet plumes. Having walked around the fire as usual, the
whole party gathered in the west in a close circle, which completely
excluded from the sight of the audience the operations of the actors.
Singing, rattling, and cries of “Thòhay!” were heard. In a few minutes
the circle opened and the hewn plank, standing upright on a small Navajo
blanket, without any apparent prop or support, was disclosed to view. At
the base of the plank was the basket holding the figure of the sun.
Singing was continued and so were the uproarious cries of
“Thòhay”--cries anxious, cries appealing, cries commanding--while the
bearer of the rattle stood facing the pole and rattling vigorously at
it. At length, seemingly in obedience to all this clamor, the solar
image left the basket and slowly, falteringly, totteringly, ascended the
plank to within a few inches of the top. Here it stopped a moment and
then descended in the same manner in which it rose. Once more was it
made to rise and set, when the circle of dancers again closed, the
plank, sun, and basket were taken in custody, and the dancers departed.
Taking into consideration the limited knowledge and rude implements of
the originators (for this alili is not of modern origin), this was a
well performed trick. The means used for supporting the pole and pulling
up the sun could not be detected.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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