The Movements and Habits of Climbing PlantsDarwin, Charles
Science
The Movements and Habits of Climbing Plants
Darwin, Charles
Climbing plants; Geotropism; Plants; Plants -- Irritability and movements
A few more remarks will complete all that need be said about this
internode. It moved during five days; but the more rapid movements,
after the performance of the third revolution, lasted during three days
and twenty hours. The regular revolutions, from the ninth to
thirty-sixth inclusive, were effected at the average rate of 2 hrs. 31
m.; but the weather was cold, and this affected the temperature of the
room, especially during the night, and consequently retarded the rate of
movement a little. There was only one irregular movement, which
consisted in the stem rapidly making, after an unusually slow revolution,
only the segment of a circle. After the seventeenth revolution the
internode had grown from 1¾ to 6 inches in length, and carried an
internode 1⅞ inch long, which was just perceptibly moving; and this
carried a very minute ultimate internode. After the twenty-first
revolution, the penultimate internode was 2½ inches long, and probably
revolved in a period of about three hours. At the twenty-seventh
revolution the lower and still moving internode was 8⅜, the penultimate
3½, and the ultimate 2½ inches in length; and the inclination of the
whole shoot was such, that a circle 19 inches in diameter was swept by
it. When the movement ceased, the lower internode was 9 inches, and the
penultimate 6 inches in length; so that, from the twenty-seventh to
thirty-seventh revolutions inclusive, three internodes were at the same
time revolving.
The lower internode, when it ceased revolving, became upright and rigid;
but as the whole shoot was left to grow unsupported, it became after a
time bent into a nearly horizontal position, the uppermost and growing
internodes still revolving at the extremity, but of course no longer
round the old central point of the supporting stick. From the changed
position of the centre of gravity of the extremity, as it revolved, a
slight and slow swaying movement was given to the long horizontally
projecting shoot; and this movement I at first thought was a spontaneous
one. As the shoot grew, it hung down more and more, whilst the growing
and revolving extremity turned itself up more and more.
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