“They move as God causes them to move, and their words are the
words of God which roll upon their tongues, and their sight is the
sight of God which has entered their eyes.”
The gnostic contemplates the attributes of God, not His essence, for
even in gnosis a small trace of duality remains: this disappears only
in _fanā al-fanā_, the total passing-away in the undifferentiated
Godhead. The cardinal attribute of God is unity, and the divine unity
is the first and last principle of gnosis.[9]
[9] According to some mystics, the gnosis of unity constitutes a higher
stage which is called ‘the Truth’ (_haqīqat_). See above, p. 29.
Both Moslem and Sūfī declare that God is One, but the statement bears
a different meaning in each instance. The Moslem means that God is
unique in His essence, qualities, and acts; that He is absolutely
unlike all other beings. The Sūfī means that God is the One Real
Being which underlies all phenomena. This principle is carried to its
extreme consequences, as we shall see. If nothing except God exists,
then the whole universe, including man, is essentially one with God,
whether it is regarded as an emanation which proceeds from Him, without
impairing His unity, like sunbeams from the sun, or whether it is
conceived as a mirror in which the divine attributes are reflected. But
surely a God who is all in all can have no reason for thus revealing
Himself: why should the One pass over into the Many? The Sūfīs
answer--a philosopher would say that they evade the difficulty--by
quoting the famous Tradition: “I was a hidden treasure and I desired
to be known; therefore I created the creation in order that I might be
known.” In other words, God is the eternal Beauty, and it lies in the
nature of beauty to desire love. The mystic poets have described the
self-manifestation of the One with a profusion of splendid imagery.
Jāmī says, for example:
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