In _Mesherka_, which is part of the suburbs on the opposite side of the river to the westward, is a glass-house, where they make a coarse kind of white glass, but they work only a few months in the winter, the greatest part of this manufacture being brought from a village called _Armenass_, about thirty-five miles to the westward, from whence also they bring the sand used in their glass-house at _Aleppo_. The city is supplied with very good water from some springs near the banks of the river at _Heylan_, about five miles to the north north east, which is conveyed from thence by an aquæduct, and distributed to the different parts of the town by earthen pipes. There is a tradition, that this aquæduct was the work of the empress _Helena_, and that from her the springs took their present name: this water is sufficient for the necessary purposes of drinking, cookery, _&c._ Besides this, almost every house has a well, but the water of these, being brackish, is only employed for washing their court yards, and filling the reservoirs for their fountains. The fuel, used in their houses, is wood and charcoal; for heating their bagnios, they burn the dung of animals, leaves of plants, parings of fruit, and such like, which they employ people to gather and dry for that purpose. The markets are well supplied with provisions, of which we shall have occasion to give a more particular account. For at least four or five miles round _Aleppo_, the ground is very stony and uneven, having a number of small eminences, most of which are as high as any part of the city. From the west south west to the north west by west, this sort of country continues for at least twenty miles, with a number of small fertile plains interspersed. To the northward and southward, after about six or seven miles, the country is level and not stony. To the eastward a vast plain commences, which, though it is called the _desart_, yet for a great many miles beyond _Aleppo_, affords a fine fertile soil. In clear weather, the top of mount _Cassius_, bearing west by south, and part of the mountains, called _Amanus_, are to be seen from several places in the city; but, as the nearest of these, _viz._ that part of _Amanus_, which stretches to the eastward and approaches to _Killis_, is at least thirty miles distant from _Aleppo_, they can be supposed to have but very little influence upon the air of the place, any more than a small conical rocky hill, called _Sheih Barakat_, at about twenty miles to the west by north, and a narrow chain of low rocky hills, usually named the _Black Mountains_, to the south south east, at about ten miles distance.