The Natural History of the Tea-Tree, with Observations on the Medical Qualities of Tea, and on the Effects of Tea-DrinkingLettsom, John Coakley
History
The Natural History of the Tea-Tree, with Observations on the Medical Qualities of Tea, and on the Effects of Tea-Drinking
Lettsom, John Coakley
Tea
Country people cure their leaves in earthen kettles[34], which answer
every necessary purpose at less trouble and expence, whereby they are
enabled to sell them cheaper.
To complete the preparation, after the Tea has been kept for some
months, it must be taken out of the vessels, in which it had been
contained, and dried again over a very gentle fire, that it may be
deprived of any humidity which remained, or might since have been
contracted.
The common Tea is kept in earthen pots with narrow mouths; but
the best sort of Tea used by the Emperor and nobility is put in
porcellane or China vessels. The Bantsjaa, or coarsest Tea, is kept
by the country people in straw baskets, made in the shape of barrels,
which they place under the roofs of their houses, near the hole that
lets out the smoke, and imagine that this situation does not injure
the Tea.
This is the relation we have from Kæmpfer of the method in which the
Japanese collected and cured their Tea. In the accounts of China,
authors have in general treated very slightly of the cultivation and
preparation of Tea. Le Compte[35] indeed observes, that to have good
Tea, the leaves should be gathered while they are small, tender, and
juicy. They begin commonly to gather them in the months of March and
April, according as the season is forward; they afterwards expose
them to the steam of boiling water to soften them; and, as soon as
they are penetrated by it, they draw them over copper plates[36]
kept on the fire, which dries them by degrees, till they grow brown,
and roll up of themselves in that manner we see them.
However, it is certain, from the Chinese drawings, which exhibit
a faithful picture, though rudely executed, of the whole process
from beginning to end, that the Tea tree grows for the most part in
hilly countries, on their rocky summits, and steep declivities; and
it would seem by the pains the Chinese are at, in making paths, and
fixing a kind of scaffolds, to assist them, that these places afford
the finest Tea. It appears from these drawings, that the trees in
general are not much taller than man’s height: The gatherers of the
leaves are never represented but on the ground; they make use of
hooked sticks indeed, but these seem rather intended to draw the
branches towards them, when they hang over brooks, rivers, or from
places difficult of access, than to bend down the tops or upper
branches of the trees on plain ground.
They pick the leaves as soon as gathered into different sorts, and
cure them nearly in the manner described to be practised by the
Japanese. They build a range of stoves, like those in a chemist’s
laboratory, or great kitchen, where the men work, and curl the leaves
in the pans themselves. It seems also that they repeat the drying.
They dry it likewise, after having spread it abroad in shallow
baskets, in the sun; and, by the means of sieves, separate the larger
from the smaller leaves, and these again from the dust.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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