The Natural History of the Tea-Tree, with Observations on the Medical Qualities of Tea, and on the Effects of Tea-DrinkingLettsom, John Coakley
History
The Natural History of the Tea-Tree, with Observations on the Medical Qualities of Tea, and on the Effects of Tea-Drinking
Lettsom, John Coakley
Tea
The Chinese put the finer kinds of Tea into conic vessels, like
sugar loaves, made of tutenaque, tin, or lead, covered with neat
matting of bamboo; or in square wooden boxes lined with thin lead,
dry leaves and paper, in which manner it is exported to foreign
countries. The common Tea is put into baskets, out of which it is
emptied, and packed up in boxes or chests as soon as it is sold to
the Europeans[37].
One thing should be mentioned to their credit; when their harvest of
Tea is finished, each family fails not to testify, by some religious
rite, their gratitude to the Giver.
SECTION VIII.
VARIETIES OF TEA.
It has been already observed (SECT. VI.) that many different
sortments of Tea are made during the times of collecting the
leaves; and these are multiplied according to the goodness of their
preparation, by which the varieties of Tea may be considerably
augmented[38]. The distinctions with us are much more limited, being
generally confined to three principal kinds of green, and five of
bohea.
I. Those of the former are,
I. Bing, imperial, or bloom Tea, with a large loose leaf, of a light
green colour, and faint delicate smell.
II. Hy-tiann, hi-kiong, or hayssuen, known to us by the name of Hyson
Tea, so called after an East-India merchant of that name, who first
imported it into Europe. The leaves are closely curled and small, of
a green colour, verging towards blue[39].
III. Singlo, or songlo, which name it receives, like many other Teas,
from the place where it is cultivated.
II. The bohea Teas.
I. Soochuen, or sutchong, by the Chinese called saatyang, and
sact-chaon, or su-tyann, is a superior kind of long-fou Tea. It
imparts a yellowish green colour, by infusion[40].
II. Camho, or soumlo, called after the name of the place where it is
gathered; a fragrant Tea with a violet smell. Its infusion is pale.
III. Cong-fou, congo, or bong-fo. This has a larger leaf than the
following, and the infusion is a little deeper coloured. It resembles
the common bohea in the colour of the leaf[41].
IV. Pekao, pecko, or pekoe, by the Chinese called back-ho, or
pack-ho. It is known by having the appearance of small white flowers
intermixed with it.
V. Common bohea, called moji by the Chinese, consists of leaves of
one colour[42].
III. There has also been imported a sort of Tea, in balls, of a
different form from any of the preceding, made up into cakes or
balls of different sizes, by the Chinese called Poncultcha.
I. The largest kind of this cake Tea, that I have seen, weighs about
two ounces; the infusion and taste resemble those of good bohea Tea.
II. Another sort, which is a kind of green Tea, is called tio tè: it
is rolled up in a round shape, about the size of peas, and sometimes
as large as a nutmeg.
III. The smallest kind done in this form is called gun-powder Tea.
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