Both of these species had attained puberty. A female _texasensis_ had its gills fairly full of young glochidia. A _tetralasmus_ had several (three or four) ovisacs with a few (remaining) glochidia. In assigning an age to these shells it is quite sure that the _tetralasmus_ discharges its glochidia in March and early April, so that when picked up on May 25, these shells were just about fourteen months old, from the date of discharge from their mother’s gills. In the case of the _texasensis_ (which spawns somewhat later) it is possible that these were dropped by fish of which, at least six species obtained access to the pit on May 7, 1916 (on which date an overflow occurred), thus making about thirteen months. At any rate the maximum age of either species is fourteen months from their mother’s ovisacs. One of the _U. tetralasmus_ is shown of natural size in Pl. VII, fig. 4. Another observation concerning pond mussels might here prove of interest. A large pond was cut into two by a railroad embankment, a culvert preserving the level and providing communication between the two. In the lower and larger pond a half-bushel of Yonkapin (_Nelumbium luteum_) seed was sown. It was six years before these seeds germinated. These plants, during the summer, cover the entire surface of the pond with their broad peltate leaves. In this pond the writer planted a colony of a dozen _Anodonta grandis_. Several years after, taking advantage of extreme low water, the writer made a careful survey of these twin ponds, with the result that hundreds of Anodons could be found in the upper pond, but not a single one was found in the lower pond. Either the shade killed the young shells, or else the glochidia-laden fish avoided the shade of the lotus plants and congregated in the upper pond (there are no Nelumbii in the upper pond). Is not this avoidance of shade a reason for the paucity of unios in the tropics? A NEW SOUTH AFRICAN NESOPUPA. BY H. A. PILSBRY. NESOPUPA FARQUHARI, n. sp. Among Pupillidae sent by Mr. J. Farquhar there is a new species from Grahamstown which may be defined by comparison with _Nesopupa griqualandica_ (Melv. and Pons.).[5] The new form is ovate, of about the size of the other species, which it resembles in sculpture and in the lamellae of the parietal wall and columella. The two palatal plicae are subequal, the upper emerging to the lip, the lower one also long, reaching to the inner edge of the peristome. There is a very small nodule on the base of the columella. In _griqualandica_ the lower palatal plica is short and very deeply immersed and there is a distinct though small basal plica within the base, in front of the lower palatal plica. In _griqualandica_ there is a deep sulcus outside, over the upper palatal plica, and a flattening or short groove over the lower palatal; but in _farquhari_ the sulcus is far less impressed except quite close to the lip. The color is reddish brown. Length 1.65, diam. 0.9 mm.