Socialization is a work relegated exclusively to the State and legislation. It cannot be included in the mission of the workers’ representations in a factory. To socialize is to modify economic organization and the right of property, and this change cannot be made except by law. Further, no particular factory can be socialized of itself, that is to say, be transformed by itself into the property of a community. The work of socialization must be undertaken by whole divisions of industry. To accomplish this work it is not the Factory Workers Councils that are competent, but only the parliamentary representation of the whole people. However, among the partisans of the Factory Workers Councils, some hope that these Councils will be able to give the workers a socialist education by affording them the chance to participate in economic affairs. They believe that, thanks to the Workers Councils, there will finally be formed a working class ready, under responsibility, to fulfil administrative duties in a socialist commonwealth. The Factory Workers Councils according to them will be a school for socialism.[65] 4.--THE TRADE UNIONS AND THE COUNCILS. Such, in outline, is the law of February 4, 1920. The first elections of the Factory Workers Councils were held during the month of May that followed. Immediately there broke out disputes and rivalries, more violent than before, between the Trade Unions and the partisans of the Councils systems over the rôle which the Factory Workers Councils should play, and particularly over the relations that should subsist between these Councils and the Trade Unions. The union leaders wanted to maintain their traditional policy, “the wage policy” of the joint committee and the _Arbeitsgemeinschaft_. They held that economic and social reforms can only be accomplished progressively, given the complexity of economic phenomena, and they were convinced that the necessary evolution will take place naturally, thanks to co-operation of employers’ and employés’ organizations in the _Arbeitsgemeinschaften_.