Scientists at the radio division of the National Bureau of Standards and military code experts examined the film and admitted it was a freak that they couldn’t explain. “The film of faces is a permanent record that can be studied,” Dr. Todd said, “and who knows just what these signals may have been?” There have been other incidents. Marconi, the father of wireless, heard strange signals in 1921. And in 1928 Prof. A. M. Low, famous English scientist, listened to a “mysterious series of dots and dashes.” Ham radio operators have occasionally reported curious stories. In QST, official organ of the International Amateur Radio Union, July, 1950, issue, Byron Goodman, assistant technical editor of the magazine, tells of a ham receiving strange signals. Certain unexplainable “echoes” were heard by scientists in 1927, and again in 1928 and 1934 while they were experimenting with the capabilities of radio. The Danish scientist, Hals, and two Scandinavian experimenters, Størmer and Petersen, received echoes from 280,000 to 2,800,000 miles from the earth. Dr. Arthur C. Clarke reported that in a series of tests in Holland radio echoes of eight seconds delay (corresponding to a reflector at a distance of 744,000 miles) were obtained repeatedly in 1946. What is the explanation? Dr. Ronald N. Bracewell, professor of electrical engineering at Stanford University and co-author with J. L. Pawsey of a standard textbook (_Radio Astronomy_, Oxford University Press, 1955), has a theory. He suggests that some of these echoes may have come from a satellite in orbit around our sun. If highly advanced beings have achieved space travel, placing a satellite in a solar system would be more practical than beaming radio signals continuously at thousands of stars for thousands of years. Dr. Bracewell suggests that the experimental broadcasts included trigger signals that caused the satellite to respond with echoes. If the satellite’s reply was repeated by man, the satellite would probably release its store of information. * * * * * If man does make contact with a superior alien civilization, what will happen? Recently the Brookings Institution released a report on this question. The study was made for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration at a cost of $96,000. If intelligent life is discovered on other worlds, the report warned, the stability of earth’s civilization will be threatened. It recommended a psychological preparation of human beings prior to the discovery. “While the discovery of intelligent life in other parts of the universe is not likely in the immediate future,” the report said, “it could nevertheless happen at any time.” This is the lesson of history: When a culture is faced with a superior culture, it either disintegrates or is changed drastically. Japan, when it was opened to the outside world, succeeded in adjusting to the new conditions. The Aztec culture collapsed.