Persia, 1914 insurrection in, 61; an English protectorate, 62; tyranny in, 116; independence of, 118; liberal movement in, 118; 1908 revolution in, 119, 159 _ff._; need for European government in, 122; nineteenth-century conditions in, 159; Versailles conference's treatment of, 174 _ff._; war conditions in, 196; Bolshevism in, 196 _ff._, 287 _ff._; Bolshevist manifesto issued to, 291 _Population Problem of India, The_, 264 Ramsay, Sir William, on economic conditions in Asia Minor, 241 _ff._ _Realpolitik_, treatment of Orient by, 86, 106 Reshid Pasha, liberal movement aided by, 32 Roushdi Pasha, nationalist demands of, 177 _ff._ Rowlatt Bill, nationalist opposition to, 222 _ff._ Russia, Turanian antagonism for, 167 _ff._ _See_ also Bolshevism and Soviet Russia Russo-Japanese War, Islam roused by, 59, 105 Salafi, rise and growth of, 72; spirit of, 72 San Remo, conference at, 190 _ff._ Saud, Abd-el-Wahab succeeded by, 22; power and character of, 22; government of, 22, 40; holy cities subdued by, 23; death of, 23 Saud, clan of, converted, 24 Schweinfurth, Georg, Egyptian nationalism described by, 149 _ff._ Sennussi-el-Mahdi, leadership won by, 44; power of, 45 Sennussiya, foundation of, 43 _ff._; leadership of, 45; present power of, 45 _ff._; government of, 45; policy of, 46 _ff._; proselytism of, 48 _ff._ Sevres Treaty, 193, 199 Seyid Ahmed, state in India founded by, 24; conquest of, 24 Seyid Ahmed Khan, Sir, reforms of, 30 Seyid Amir Ali, reform work of, 31 Seyid Mahommed ben Sennussi, in Mecca, 24, 39; Abdul Hamid opposed by, 39, 44; birth of, 44; education of, 44; "Zawias" built by, 44; power of, 44 _ff._ Shamyl, Russia opposed by, 41 Shiah Emir, 199 Shuster, W. Morgan, Persia's political capacity described by, 127 _ff._ South Africa, Mohammedan threat against, 49 Soviet Russia, Afghanistan allied with, 287 _ff._; Kemal supported by, 295; success of, 297 _ff._ Sun-Yat-Sen, Doctor, 60 Sydenham, Lord, Montagu-Chelmsford Report criticised by, 219 Swadeshi movement, 244 _ff._ Sykes-Picot Agreement, terms of, 185 _ff._; French opposition to, 189 _ff._; fulfilment of, 190 Syria, Turkish dominion of, 140; nationalist agitation in, 142 _ff._; France in, 184 _ff._; declaration of independence of, 191; French suppression of, 191; present situation in, 198 _ff._; Bolshevist manifesto issued to, 293 Tagore, Rabindranath, on economic conditions in India, 248 Talaat, in Russia, 285 Tartars, liberal movement among, 32; Mohammedan missionary work among, 50 _ff._; nationalist revival of, 163 _ff._; Bolshevism among, 285 Tekin Alp, on Pan-Turanism, 167 Tel-el-Kebir, battle of, 149 Tewfik Pasha, anti-English feeling of, 92 Tilak, Bal Gangadhar, nationalist work of, 210, 218 Townsend, Meredith, anti-Western feeling in Orient explained by, 102, 104