The Nobel Prize winners in literatureMarble, Annie Russell
History
The Nobel Prize winners in literature
Marble, Annie Russell
Authors; Literature -- History and criticism; Nobel Prize winners; Nobel Prizes; Nobel, Alfred Bernhard, 1833-1896
Sir Arthur Quiller-Couch, in his study of Björnson, in _Adventures
in Criticism_[41] divides his writings into three periods which he
calls “simplicity, confusion and dire confusion.” The first group of
tales are those of idyllic type, already considered in _Arne_ and _A
Happy Boy_; the second represent a transition towards the realistic
and self-conscious, exampled in _The Fisher Maiden_ and _Magnhild_;
the third, showing more complications of thought and style, are like
_The Heritage of the Kurts_ (originally entitled _Flags Are Flying_)
and _In God’s Way_. The influence of German and French realists may be
traced in these later novels, especially the former with its portrayal
of polygamous conditions. Other critics consider _Magnhild_ an advance
in characterization over any previous fiction by Björnson, especially
in the musician Tande and the relationship between him and Magnhild. If
the author intends to show that a woman may be happy in other ways than
love, he does not “get the message over” until it is interpreted by
Mr. Brandes or other critics. Rationalism mingles with idealism in the
first scenes of _In God’s Way_.
As the years passed, Björnson traveled on the continent, in England
and to America for a visit in 1881. He sharpened his outlook upon life
but he never lost his “passion for truth,” his hatred of oppression
in any form, his belief that individuals and nations might be joined
by friendship rather than separated by antagonisms. He was deeply
impressed by certain forms of hypocrisy which he witnessed in Norway
and he attacked such abuses in the problem plays, _The King_, _The
Editor_, and _The Bankrupt_. Unlike the traditional patriot who says,
“My country--right or wrong--but my country!” Björnson adopted as his
slogan, “Norway must be right at all cost!” His plays, which revealed
innate evils, made him unpopular with politicians and brought about
threats of violence. He used to tell, with humor, of the visit of
some aggressive opponents among the young men who threw stones at his
windows but went away singing the refrain of his National Song,
Yes, we love this land that towers, etc.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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