Henry VI, king of England, 143. Henry the Young King, 119–21, 123, 127, 154–57. Henry I, king of France, 62 _f._, 65. Henry III, emperor, 201. Henry IV, emperor, 205. Henry VI, emperor, 220. Henry the Lion, duke of Saxony, 90. Historians, Norman, 47, 154, 180–84. Hohenstaufen, in Sicily, 220 _f._ Honorius II, Pope, 210. Hugh Capet, 65. Hugh of Amiens, archbishop of Rouen, 179. Hugo, Victor, quoted, 144. Humphrey of Hauteville, 200–02. Iceland, 3, 12, 31, 43 _f._ Ile-de-France, 7, 125. Innocent III, Pope, 137. Ireland, 22, 31, 33, 57, 85 _f._, 88, 90, 160, 162 _f._ Italy, influence on Normandy, 175; Normans in, 181 _f._, 192, 198–211, 218–49; political condition ca. 1000, 196–98; relation to Renaissance, 246. James, Henry, quoted, 6. Jersey, 144 _f._, 184. Jerusalem, Normans at, 128, 130, 167, 193–95, 198 _f._, 212, 214. Jews, in Sicily, 225, 242. Joan of Arc, 10, 19, 143 _f._ Jocelin of Brakelonde, 173. John, king of England, 85 _f._, 116, 131 _f._, 154; character, 122 _f._, 126 _f._; struggle with Philip Augustus, 136–39; loss of Normandy, 139 _f._ John VIII, Pope, 237. John of Salisbury, 238. John the Scribe, 232. Jomvikings, 43 _f._ Joppa, 130. Jumièges, 9, 171, 187. Jury, Anglo-Norman, 23, 109–13, 142, 146. Justices, Anglo-Norman, 108; Sicilian, 227 _f._ Kensington rune-stone, 1. Kent, 166 _f._ Knights’ fees, 68, 78, 100, 145, 150, 229, 231. Krak, 134. Lanfranc, 175–78. Laon, school of, 107, 177. Laplace, 4, 12. La Rochelle, 161. La Roncière, Bourel de, quoted, 49. Lavisse, E., quoted, 143. Law, Norman, 11, 20, 23, 48 _f._, 69, 82, 108–13, 145 _f._, 224; Roman, 137, 175–77, 179, 230 _f._, 236; canon, 137, 168, 175–77, 179, 230. LeMans, 63, 88, 116 _f._, 125, 160, 172. Leo IX, Pope, 203. Lessay, 187. Libraries, Norman, 177–81; south-Italian and Sicilian, 236–40, 242, 246; papal, 240. Limerick, 37. Lindisfarne, 33. Lire, 178. Loire, relation to Plantagenet empire, 125, 128, 139 _f._ Lombards, 175, 188, 192, 196–99, 222 _f._, 238. London, 81, 162 _f._ Lorraine, schools of, 107, 167. Louis VII, king of France, 89, 118 _f._, 127. Louis X, king of France, 142. Luchaire, A., quoted, 70. Lugdunensis Secunda, 9, 21, 26. Luna, 33. Lusignan, 138. Luther, 18. Lyons, 125. Magna Græcia, 197, 238. Mahan, A. T., 30. Maine, 7, 10, 57, 62 _f._, 85, 87, 136. Maitland, F. W., quoted, 48, 110, 113. Malta, 221. Manfred, 221, 240. Mantes, 58. Margam, _Annals_ of, 139. Margat, 134. Marmoutier, 171. Matilda, abbess of Caen, 174. Matilda, empress, 85, 89, 163. Matilda, queen, 11, 61, 77, 186–88. Maupassant, 4, 8, 12. Mediterranean, Northmen in, 33; Normans in, 192 _ff._ Meles, 198 _f._ Melfi, council of, 204. Messina, 129 _f._, 208, 237; Straits of, 207, 210, 232.