The Norse discoverers of America : $b the Wineland sagas translated & discussedGathorne-Hardy, G. M. (Geoffrey Malcolm)
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The Norse discoverers of America : $b the Wineland sagas translated & discussed
Gathorne-Hardy, G. M. (Geoffrey Malcolm)
America -- Discovery and exploration -- Norse
There remains to be considered the episode of the savages captured in
Markland on the return voyage. With the circumstance that one of the
Skrælings captured on this occasion is said to have been bearded I
have dealt already. The statement that those who escaped disappeared
into the ground appears to me to mean no more than that, like good
stalkers, they contrived to take cover and creep away unseen. There
is therefore no clearer evidence of legendary influence in this case
than in the rest of the story. The rest of what is reported is hearsay
derived from the captives themselves, after they had—possibly not
very effectually—been taught to speak Icelandic. I therefore agree
with Dr. Nansen that it is hopeless to attempt, as some have done
(notably Mr. Thalbitzer, 1905 and 1913), to trace the nationality of
these savages from the words preserved, Vætilldi, Uvægi, Avalldamon,
Valldidida.[90] The explorers of a later age were not very happy in
their transliteration of native words, and we cannot imagine that these
names were handed down through a period of oral transmission without a
fatal amount of transformation. That the rest of what is reported is
inaccurate in most particulars is no more than we should expect under
the circumstances.
_Hvítramannaland._
One statement, however, in this passage, to which most commentators
have devoted an abnormal amount of attention, merely purports to be
a conjecture on the part of those who heard the story, and does not
involve any necessary inaccuracy in the reported utterance of the
captives. I refer to the allusion to Hvítramannaland (White Man’s
Country) or Ireland the Great. The existence or non-existence of such
a place as this, while it has exercised the ingenuity of almost all
writers on the present subject, has really nothing to do with the
authenticity of the Wineland stories. All that appears from the passage
is that certain persons, on hearing an account of an adjacent land
supposed to have been described by these Skræling children, jumped to
the conclusion that Hvítramannaland was the place described, and the
non-existence of such a country would merely prove that these persons
were wrong in their conjecture, not that the story itself was unworthy
of credence. What the savages may have been struggling to explain I
will suggest later. Here, the point having been made that it is quite
irrelevant, it may be interesting to follow the allusion a little
farther.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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