The Norse discoverers of America : $b the Wineland sagas translated & discussedGathorne-Hardy, G. M. (Geoffrey Malcolm)
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The Norse discoverers of America : $b the Wineland sagas translated & discussed
Gathorne-Hardy, G. M. (Geoffrey Malcolm)
America -- Discovery and exploration -- Norse
It will be noticed that in the passages above cited not only the vine
but the wild corn also makes its appearance. It is clear, therefore,
that any argument based on analogy or resemblance to these features of
the Fortunate Islands is quite inconclusive. Nevertheless the case for
the vines is, it must be admitted, considerably stronger than that for
the corn. In the first place, no mention of the latter commodity occurs
in the Flatey version, if the reference to ‘a wooden corn-barn’ be
explicable on another hypothesis, as I have endeavoured to indicate in
treating of Thorvald’s voyage.
In the second place, most of the later explorers seem to have meant by
‘wild corn’ something in the nature of lyme-grass (_Arundo arenaria_).
But there is a difficulty in accepting this plant as the ‘wild wheat’
of the Icelanders, since lyme-grass, under the name of ‘melur’, was
well known to this people; a reference to the method employed in
comparatively recent times in preparing flour from it will be found in
Troil’s _Letters on Iceland_ at page 105. It is true that Professor
Fernald of Boston, in his paper on the plants of Wineland, identifies
not only the corn, but the vines and the mösur wood, with commodities
known to the Norsemen in their own countries, but this has always
seemed to me to add to the already insuperable difficulties in the way
of accepting his theories, to which I shall have occasion to revert
later on.
All the same, I am inclined to think that something in the nature of
lyme-grass may be indicated by the wild corn, and if so perhaps we
may here trace to some extent the influence of the classical legends
on which Dr. Nansen lays stress. One may imagine, without much
straining of probability, that on hearing of the vines learned people
would ask leading questions as to the existence of corn, and so the
lyme-grass, hitherto considered, as we see from the Flatey Book, to
be comparatively unimportant, might have reappeared under a new name.
One can certainly imagine the schoolmaster, Adam of Bremen, in his
cross-examination of the Danes from whom his information was derived,
on hearing of the vines, making some inquiry as to the existence of
some sort of wild corn, and being quite truthfully told that it did
exist.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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