The nutrition of manChittenden, R. H. (Russell Henry)
Science
The nutrition of man
Chittenden, R. H. (Russell Henry)
Nutrition
Voit claims that the proteid dissolved in the fluids of the body
is more easily decomposable than that which exists combined in
organized form, or as more or less insoluble tissue proteid; and it
is this soluble and circulating form which, under the influence of
the living cells, undergoes destruction or metabolism. We know, as
has been previously stated, that oxidation does not take place to
any extent in the circulating blood, and similarly there is every
reason for believing that proteid metabolism does not occur in this
menstrum. Metabolism is limited mainly to the active tissues of the
body, but according to the present conception of the matter it does
not occur at the expense of the proteid of the living cells, but
involves material contained in the fluids bathing the cells; _i. e._,
it is not the organized proteid that undergoes metabolism, but the
proteid circulating in and about the internal meshes of the cells and
tissues, the living cell being the active agent in controlling the
process. Further, this view lessens the difficulty of understanding
the elimination of nitrogen after a meal rich in proteid. If it was
necessary to assume that all the proteid of our daily food is built
up into living protoplasm before katabolism occurs, it would be
exceedingly difficult to explain the sudden and rapid elimination of
nitrogen which follows the ingestion of proteid. For example, we can
hardly imagine that merely eating an excess of proteid food will lead
to an actual breaking down of the living framework of the tissues,
equivalent to the amount of nitrogen which the body at once eliminates.
Voit’s theory, on the other hand, supposes a twofold origin of the
nitrogen excreted; one part, the larger and variable portion, comes
from the direct metabolism of the circulating proteid, being the
immediate result of the ingested food and varying in amount with the
quantity of proteid food consumed; the other, smaller and less variable
in amount, has its origin in the metabolism of the true tissue proteid,
or the actual living framework of the body.
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