The nutrition of manChittenden, R. H. (Russell Henry)
Science
The nutrition of man
Chittenden, R. H. (Russell Henry)
Nutrition
Certainly as yet, there is no evidence
that the amino-acids, as such, go through the epithelial cells of the
intestine; they are not found in the blood or lymph to any appreciable
extent, yet the proteids of the blood are reinforced in some manner by
the products of proteid digestion. Whichever view is correct, one thing
is perfectly obvious, viz., that in the act of absorption the products
resulting from the gastric and pancreatic digestion of proteid foods
are exposed to some influence, presumably in the epithelial cells of
the intestinal wall, by which there is a reconstruction of proteid.
Further, the proteid substances so formed are of the type peculiar to
the blood of that particular species of animal. The proteids of beef,
mutton, chicken, oatmeal, or bread go to make the proteids of human
blood.
From these statements, it is obvious that what we term absorption is
something more than a simple diffusion of soluble substances from
the alimentary tract into the blood current. The process is much
more complex than appears on the surface, and our lack of definite
knowledge, in spite of numerous efforts to unravel the mystery,
merely strengthens the view that we are dealing here with an obscure
physiological problem, and not a simple physical one. Digestion induces
a splitting up of the food proteid into fragments, large or small,
while incidental to absorption there is apparently a reconstruction,
or synthesis, of proteid from the fragments so formed. The process
seems somewhat costly, physiologically speaking, yet when one considers
the variety of proteids consumed as food, it is easy to comprehend
how essential it is that in some manner, as in absorption, there be
opportunity for construction of the specific proteids of the blood and
lymph.
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