The Ocean World: Being a Description of the Sea and Its Living Inhabitants.Figuier, Louis
Science
The Ocean World: Being a Description of the Sea and Its Living Inhabitants.
Figuier, Louis
Marine animals; Ocean
"III. On the 12th of July, 1823, I saw on the sands in the bay between
Saint Mary and La Goyave, at Guadaloupe, many Physalia recently cast
ashore. Having a dog with me, with the assistance of my servant, I made
him swallow the freshest of them, with all its filiform tentacles,
pushing it down his throat, while my servant held his mouth open; five
minutes after, the dog exhibited symptoms of great pain on the edges of
its lips; it foamed at the mouth and rubbed it in the sand, or upon the
grass, leaping about, passing its paws over its jaws, and exhibiting
every symptom of excessive pain. I mounted my horse, and, in spite of
its sufferings, the poor animal followed me as it was wont. After twenty
minutes, when its sufferings seemed over, I had a piece of bread which I
gave it, and it ate it with appetite, swallowing it without any
difficulty; it only seemed to feel the pain on the edges of its mouth:
it was well enough all day, and had evacuations which gave no indication
that the Physalia had any influence over the digestive organs. Next day,
and the day following, it was as well as usual, exhibiting no signs of
inflammation either in the mouth or throat.
"IV. On the 20th of the same month, I took two 'galleys' on the
sea-shore and cut them in pieces; then, with a spoon, I had them forced
down the throat of a puppy, which still sucked its mother; this strong
dose of Physalia had no effect upon it, the tentacles having probably
been surrounded by the fleshy parts of the animal in dividing it, so as
not to touch the mouth: it seems probable, therefore, that the internal
mucus is capable of subduing the irritation, which is so distressing
when applied to membranes exposed to the external air. We swallow some
things with impunity, which we could not support in the mouth if the
burning substance remained there.
"V. I have also procured many 'galleys' since these experiments, and
having placed them in a glass tube, left them to dry and had them
pulverized; twenty-five grains of this powder administered to a very
young dog produced no deleterious effects. Twice this quantity
administered to a young cat produced no more, nor has this surprised me;
for, if the fresh animal has no poisonous properties, how can it be
supposed that drying the zoophyte can have increased its poisonous
properties, if it really possesses them? On the contrary, it is more
reasonable to suppose that, by desiccation, the deleterious principle
from any animal, whether _Physalia_ or _Holothuria_, should lose
infinitely in its principle by evaporation, and other changes that heat
and air produce in the process of drying.
"VI. I have had a 'galley' cut into pieces, and got a fat young chicken
to swallow them. It caused no inconvenience. Three hours after, I had
the chicken killed and roasted; then I ate it, and made my servant eat
it too. Neither of us experienced any inconvenience from it, a certain
proof that it is not from eating Physalia that the fish becomes
poisonous.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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