Herbals written in connection with the colonisation of America by the Spaniards and English--Early records of the plant lore of the Red Indians--English weeds introduced into America and first gardens in New England--_Joyfull Newes from out of the newe founde worlde_--Gums used by the Red Indians--"Mechoacan"--"The hearbe tabaco"--First account and illustration of this plant--Its uses by the Red Indians in their religious ceremonies and as a wound-herb--Origin of the name "Nicotiana"--Sassafras--Use by the Spanish soldiers--Root used as a pomander in Europe in time of plague--_New England's Rarities discovered_--Weeds introduced into America with the first Colonists--First list of English plants grown in New England gardens--_The American Physitian_--The "Maucaw" tree--Use of the seed by the Red Indians--Cacao and the making of chocolate--Cacao kernels used as tokens--James Petiver--_The South-Sea Herbal_. CHAPTER VI JOHN PARKINSON, THE LAST OF THE GREAT ENGLISH HERBALISTS 142 John Parkinson--The _Paradisus_--Myth of the vegetable lamb--Origin of the myth--Characteristics of the book--An Elizabethan flower-garden--Lilies, anemones, gilliflowers, cucko-flowers, etc.--Sweet herbs: rosemary, lavender, basil, thyme, hyssop--The kitchen garden--The orchard--_Theatrum Botanicum_--Its importance--Old belief in the power of herbs against evil spirits--Folk lore in this Herbal--Bee lore--Beauty recipes--Country customs and beliefs. CHAPTER VII LATER SEVENTEENTH-CENTURY HERBALS AND SIXTEENTH- AND SEVENTEENTH-CENTURY STILL-ROOM BOOKS 163 Later seventeenth-century Herbals--Revival of belief in astrological lore--Nicholas Culpeper--His character--Popularity in the East End of London--His Herbal--Coles's _Art of Simpling_--Doctrine of Signatures--Herbs used by animals--Plants used in and against witchcraft--Coles's astrological beliefs--On the pleasures of gardening--Still-room books--Their relation to herbals--The Fairfax still-room book--An old love-letter--Recipes: "To make a bath for melancholy," "Balles for the face," "For them theyr speech faileth"--_Lady Sedley her receipt book_--Noted contributors to this book--_Mary Doggett Her Book of Receipts_, 1682--Recipes: "A pomander for balme water," "To dry roses for sweet powder," "A perfume for a sweet bagg"--The Countess of Kent's still-room book--"A comfortable cordial to cheer the heart"--Tryon's still-room book--Sir Kenelm Digby--Charm of his books--Recipes: "Sweet meat of apples," "Wheaten Flommery," "A Flomery Caudle," "Conserve of Red Roses"--The old herb-gardens--Fairies and herb-gardens--Revival of the old belief in the communion between stars and flowers. BIBLIOGRAPHIES ENGLISH HERBALS 189