The Old Furniture Book, with a Sketch of Past Days and WaysMoore, N. Hudson
History
The Old Furniture Book, with a Sketch of Past Days and Ways
Moore, N. Hudson
Furniture
"The Adventures of Don Quixote" consisted of a set of from twenty to
twenty-eight pieces, and so pleased the public taste that sets were
being continually woven from 1723 till the times of the Revolution.
They were varied by the different colours of the background, and also
by having different borders, some of them designed by artists like
Lemaire the younger, and of great beauty. By 1736 the manufactory once
more received assistance and patronage from the Crown, and famous old
models were renewed, and two new sets, from "The Story of Esther," and
"The Story of Medea and Jason," were designed. About the middle of the
century came the fatal desire to copy paintings as they came from the
hand of the artist, and the traditions which had governed the labor
of the tapestry-worker for centuries were thrown aside. In vain the
workmen protested: good taste and the principles of decoration were
sacrificed, and the artist triumphed. The only check to the artist's
exactions was the immense cost of production, for the painter was
totally ignorant of the practical difficulties which had to be overcome
in carrying out his designs; and as the tapestry-workers were paid by
the piece they could no longer calculate or limit the cost of execution.
The Beauvais tapestries were long granted superior excellence in
flower forms, trees, etc., and for figures also, and they held to the
styles in which they excelled. But the Gobelins after 1740 no longer
did work which was not fashionable and profitable. In 1755 Boucher,
the well-known artist, was appointed director of the Gobelins, and,
like his predecessors, believed in simulating, as far as possible the
painter's art. There is tragedy in the history of the devoted band of
workers who, ill-paid, and not sufficiently recognized, laboured at
the looms and in the dye-house to carry out the artist's ideas. One of
them Quimiset, a chemist of undoubted ability, committed suicide.
Neilson and Audran were both ruined financially; and yet these servants
of the crown were not allowed to leave Paris to better their fortunes.
[Illustration: Figure 75. COMMODES OF THE TIME OF LOUIS XV.]
The Gobelins began to produce tapestry for furniture only during the
last half of the eighteenth century. This work was undertaken in hopes
of financial profit, for the competition of woven and embroidered
stuffs from England, as well as the novelty of English paper-hangings,
had crippled them excessively. The very first pieces made were for
four chairs and a sofa, in 1748. These furniture tapestries became
immediately popular. Screens, seat, sofa and chair backs, showing
scenes, figures, ribbon-work, and garlands brought up the failing
fortune of Gobelin and made Beauvais wealthy. From this latter factory
came those coverings, with designs after Boucher, set in wooden frames
of the richest carving and gilt.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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