I fully admit that the theistic hypothesis, so grounded, and
considered apart from objections elsewhere arising, is a reasonable
hypothesis and an explanation of the facts. The idea of an external
conscious being is unavoidably suggested, as it seems to me, by the
categorical imperative of the moral sense; and moreover in a way
quite independent, by the aspect of nature, which seems to answer
to our questionings with an intelligence akin to our own.
On the other hand, where is an alternative hypothesis to be found of
which as much can be said,--which will justify itself to reason, by
accounting for the facts? That no purely materialistic or mechanical
theory will suffice is not only obvious to common-sense, but is
acknowledged by those who would gladly find such a theory sufficient.
It would be a great delusion [writes Weismann][141] if any one
were to believe that he had arrived at a comprehension of the
universe by tracing the phenomena of Nature to mechanical
principles. He would thereby forget that the assumption of eternal
matter with its eternal laws by no means satisfies our intellectual
need for causality.
Similarly, Professor Huxley admits that even his primeval cosmic nebula
with the world potential in its womb, leaves something to desire.
The more purely a mechanist the speculator is [he writes][142] the
more firmly does he assume a primordial molecular arrangement of
which all the phenomena of the universe are the consequences, and
the more completely is he thereby at the mercy of the teleologist,
who can always defy him to disprove that this primordial molecular
arrangement was not[143] intended to evolve the phenomena of the
universe.
Accordingly, although he was clearly persuaded that Theism is a doctrine
which we can never have sufficient grounds for accepting, Professor
Huxley repudiated the notion that scientific discovery has done anything
to disprove it. Thus he tells us,[144] that, in order to be a
teleologist, and yet accept Evolution, it is only necessary
to suppose that the original plan was sketched out ... that the
purpose was foreshadowed in the molecular arrangements out of which
the animals have come.
And again,[145] he thus expressed himself regarding two objections
commonly brought against Darwinism, namely that it introduces "chance"
as a factor in nature, and that it is atheistic:
Both assertions are utter bosh. None but parsons believe in
"chance"; and the philosophical difficulties of Theism now are
neither greater nor less than they have been ever since Theism was
invented.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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