The Old Testament in the Light of the Historical Records and Legends of Assyria and BabyloniaPinches, Theophilus G. (Theophilus Goldridge)
Religion
The Old Testament in the Light of the Historical Records and Legends of Assyria and Babylonia
Pinches, Theophilus G. (Theophilus Goldridge)
Bible. Old Testament -- Criticism, interpretation, etc.
From a linguistic point of view, therefore, the identification of Nimrod
as a changed form of Merodach is fully justified.
But there is another and a potent reason for eliminating Nimrod from the
list of Babylonian heroes, and that is, the fact that his name is nowhere
found in the extensive literature which has come down to us. His
identification with Gišdubar was destroyed when it was discovered that the
true reading of that doubtful name was not, as it was expected that it
would be, a Babylonian form of Nimrod, but something entirely different,
namely, Gilgameš. Moreover, there is some doubt whether the personage
represented on the cylinder-seals struggling with lions and bulls be
really Gilgameš (Gišdubar)—his prowess in hunting does not seem to be
emphasized in the legend recounting his exploits (see pp. 92-111)—he is in
all probability the wild man of the woods who became his great friend and
counsellor, the satyr-like figure who is represented as accompanying and
imitating the hunter being simply one of those beings who, the Babylonians
imagined, existed in wild and waste places, for that this creature is not,
as was at first supposed, Êa-banî, the friend of Gilgameš, is not only
proved by the fact that in the legend he is described as a man with hairy
body and hair long like that of a woman, but also by the incontestable
circumstance that this satyr-like creature is, on certain cylinders,
represented more than once, and in such a way that the repetition cannot
be attributed to the exigencies of the design. Moreover, he is sometimes
represented in positions that seem to have no connection with the
Gilgameš-legend at all.
It would seem therefore to be certain that Gilgameš is not Nimrod; that as
he had little or no fame as a “great hunter before the Lord,” it cannot be
he who is represented on the cylinder-seals; and that, in all probability,
the hunter there represented is Êa-banî, who overcame the divine bull
before Erech, and a lion after the defeat of Ḫumbaba, in both cases,
however, assisted by his royal patron.
But, it may be asked, how is it that Nimrod, otherwise Merodach, is
described as “the mighty hunter before the Lord”?
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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