The Origin of Man and of His SuperstitionsRead, Carveth
Philosophy
The Origin of Man and of His Superstitions
Read, Carveth
Animism; Human beings -- Origin; Magic; Superstition; Totemism
But there are two kinds of actors; and they correspond well enough with
the two kinds of wizards already described—the vocational and the
exploitative. Some actors are said to identify themselves with their
assumed character and situation so profoundly as to substantiate the
fiction: concentration of imagination, amounting to dissociation, makes
the part they play, whilst it lasts, more real than anything else; and
raises them, for that time, in energy of thought, feeling and action,
much above their ordinary powers; so that they compel the attention,
sympathy and belief of the audience. But others study their part and
determine beforehand exactly what tones, gestures, expressions are the
most effective reinforcement of every word, and thereafter carry out
upon the stage in cold blood the whole dramatic lesson which they have
taught themselves. Perhaps more common than either of these extreme
types is the actor who begins by studying under a sort of inspiration,
and after experimenting for a few nights, repeats what he has found to
answer best. We need not consider those who can do nothing but what
they have been taught by others. Well, the wizard by vocation probably
behaves like the first kind of actor: enters upon any office to which
he may be called in exclusive devotion to his task; works himself into
a frenzy, groans, writhes and sweats under the possession of his demon;
chants incantations in an archaic tongue; drums and dances by the
hour, and falls into speechless trance—according to the professional
pattern—all in what may be described as dramatic good faith. By native
disposition and by practised self-suggestion he obtains a temporary
dissociation. The opposite sort of wizard, exploiting the profession,
sees all this, and imitates it with such improvements as he may be
able to devise. Of the intervening crowd of charlatans, who mingle
self-delusion with deceit in all possible proportions, no definite
account can be given.
According to Diderot,[462] the greatest actors belong to the second
class, to the deliberate and disciplined artists. We may be sure the
gods in the gallery, if they understood what was going on under their
eyes, would always prefer the inspired performers. Probably these are,
in fact, the greatest in their best hours, but less to be depended on,
less sure of being always equal to themselves. And the same may be
true of the corresponding sorts of wizards. The lucid impostor, at any
rate, is less likely to be abashed by unforeseen difficulties and by
the awkwardness of failure, less likely to be mobbed and murdered and
pegged down in his grave with aspen stakes.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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