§ 7. _Divination and Oracles._—Diviners and the art of Divination. Power of Diviners and Oracles. Ways of obtaining oracles and of being inspired derived from low savagery 240-45 § 8. _Apparent Failure of Omens_—ascribed to faulty observation or interpretation; frustration by spirits, or by superior Magic; or by having been symbolically fulfilled 245-7 § 9. _Apology for Omens._—The Diviner or oracular person tries to be well-informed. The Stoics and Divination. Omens involved in Fate. Conditional and unconditional Omens 247-61 CHAPTER VIII THE MIND OF THE WIZARD 252 § 1. _The Rise and Fall of Wizardry._—At first no professionals. Early professionals unpaid; except by influence; which enables them to maintain order. Animism gives rise to sorcerers and priests. Priests suppress sorcery and black Magic, and absorb white Magic in religious rites. Societies of wizards 252-7 § 2. _The Wizard’s Pretensions._—Control of Nature; shape-changing and flying; the causing and curing of diseases; Divination; control of ghosts and spirits. General trust in them 257-9 § 3. _Characteristics of the Wizard_—Intelligence and knowledge; force of will and daring (initiation); motives—attraction of mystery, reputation, power; distinctive costume and demeanour of a “superman”; jealousy of rivals; histrionic temperament; hysterical diathesis. Suggestibility of his clients 259-76 § 4. _The Wizard and the Sceptic._—Social delusion and imposture. Scepticism frequent amongst chiefs and the higher social ranks, and also amongst the people, because of common sense. Still more difficult for Wizards to maintain self-delusion 276-83 § 5. _The Wizard’s Persuasion._—Honesty and fraud. The Wizard by vocation. Fascination of Black Wizardry. Artifices professionally necessary seem justified by social utility. His belief strengthened by effects of natural causes set going by himself or by his clients, and by coincidences 284-92 CHAPTER IX TOTEMISM 293 § 1. _Meaning and Scope of Totemism._—Frazer’s definitions. The Clan-Totem, and observances connected with it 293-6