Archaeology; Civilization, Ancient; Despotism; Greece -- History -- To 146 B.C.; Wealth
The ἄκρα of the Caucasus are of course not capes but peaks. Trinakria on
the other hand is the land of the three capes. It is important to
remember that the word ἄκρον has no equivalent in English. It means peak
or height as well as cape or headland. To attempt to keep these two
meanings separate is to commit a mental mistranslation. Though Sunium is
the ἄκρον _par excellence_, the whole Σουνιακὸς γουνός abounds in ἄκρα,
or as the inscriptions call them, λόφοι (crests, ridges)[227]. Bursian
describes the hills of Laurium (Lauriongebirge) as a continuous mountain
chain, and includes it with Parnes, Brilessos, and Hymettos among the
main ridges (grössere Gebirgszüge) of Attica[228]. The writer has spent
some days walking in the mining district. The sea is always near, and
glimpses of it may be had frequently. But it is the hills that dominate
the landscape, not the sea. More particularly is this the case in the
district that was most mined in the sixth century, where the ground
varies in height from 170 m. to 370 m. (550–1200 feet), and lies well
inland[229].
In the light of this probability that the Diakrioi occupied the mining
district of Attica, and of the fact that their name means hill men, it
is interesting to note that the Idaean Dactyls, who “are said to have
been the first miners,” are stated also to have been men of the
mountains[230], and that in German and Welsh the words for miners
(Bergleuten, gwyr y mynyddau) mean literally “hill men.”
The Greek word Diakrioi would have a peculiar appropriateness for
miners. The ἄκρον is precisely the part of a hill that the farmer has
least use for. Miners on the other hand preferred to carry on their
smelting operations on the hill tops, because a better draught is thus
secured[231].
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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