[280] Beccari, “Le capanne dell’ Amblyornis inornata,” in _Annali del museo civico di storia naturale di Genova_, ix. pp. 382-391. [281] Darwin, _The Descent of Man_, ii. p. 77. [282] Cf. especially the dresses of _Homophania insectivora_, _Petasophora cyanotis_, and _Steganura underwoodi_, as depicted in Mulsant, _Hist. nat. des oiseaux-mouches_, Pl. 62, 91a, 110. [283] Binet, _Le fétichisme dans l’amour_, etc., pp. 257 _sq._ (_L’intensité des images mentales_). [284] Groos, _The Play of Animals_, pp. 243, 283; cf. also Hellwald, _Die menschliche Familie_, pp. 14-16; Van Ende, _Hist. nat. de la croyance_, I. _L’animal_, p. 238. [285] Darwin, _The Descent of Man_, ii. pp. 106, 107. [286] Wallace, _Darwinism_, pp. 284, 287, 292, 294. [287] Spencer, _Essays_, ii. pp. 427, 430, 431. Some of the arguments of Spencer had been adduced by Barrington in his polemic against Buffon. Cf. _Philosophical Transactions_, 1773, pp. 262, 263 (Experiments on the singing of birds). [288] Hudson, _The Naturalist in La Plata_, pp. 280 _sq._ [289] A more detailed account of this question has been given in the author’s _Förstudier till en konstfilosofi_, pp. 29, 30. [290] Espinas, _Des sociétés animales_, p. 328. [291] For experiments proving the invigorating effects of colour-impression upon the animal organism, particularly upon insects, see Féré, _Pathology of Emotions_, p. 23. [292] Brehm, _Thierleben_, iv. p. 20; cf. also Schneider, _Der thierische Wille_, p. 172; Espinas, _l.c._ p. 286; Groos, _The Play of Animals_, pp. 242-244. [293] Groos, _l.c._ p. 242. [294] Groos, _The Play of Animals_, pp. 244, 245; _Die Spiele der Menschen_, pp. 329-340. [295] Darwin, _The Descent of Man_, ii. pp. 18, 94, 110, 137. [296] _Ibid._ ii. p. 251. When advocating the Darwinian theory of sexual selection, Professor Poulton seems to use the notion “æsthetic appreciation” in this wide sense. Cf. _Colours of Animals_, p. 286. [297] Cf. Darwin, _The Descent of Man_, ii. pp. 67, 74. [298] _Ibid._ ii. p. 67. [299] Nilsson, _Foglarna_, ii. p. 185. [300] _Ibid._ ii. p. 8; i. p. 509. [301] Westermarck, _Human Marriage_, pp. 200, 201, 212. [302] _Ibid._ pp. 196, 198. [303] Schurtz, _Grundzüge einer Philosophie der Tracht_, pp. 21, 57, 77, 80. [304] As regards these various means of “embellishment” see the collection of instances in Magitot, “Les mutilations ethniques,” in _Congrès d’anthropologie_, 1880. [305] Cf. Westermarck, _Human Marriage_, pp. 265, 266; Lippert, _Kulturgeschichte_, i. pp. 368, 369. [306] Cf. Brinton, _Races and Peoples_, p. 43. [307] Ahlqvist, _Muistelmia_, p. 11. [308] Humboldt, _Travels_, iii. p. 236; cf. Joest, _Tätowiren_, pp. 14, 15; Brinton, _Races and Peoples_, p. 42. [309] Westermarck, _Human Marriage_, p. 263; Lippert, _Kulturgeschichte_, i. pp. 402-405. [310] Cf. Westermarck, _Human Marriage_, pp. 195, 200, 201. [311] Westermarck, _l.c._ pp. 196-198; cf. also Finsch, _Ethnologische Erfahrungen_, p. 44 (New Zealand).