The question of a sea-level canal was again agitated and became so
insistent that the President appointed an international board of
engineers, consisting of thirteen members, to assemble in Washington
September 1, 1905 to consider the various plans for the construction of
the canal submitted to it. The board consisted of five foreign and five
United States engineers, three of the latter having formerly served
on the canal commission. The Board visited the Isthmus on September
28, had some examinations made for its enlightenment and in November
submitted a majority report signed by the five foreign engineers and
the three former members of the commission, and a minority report, the
former advocating a sea-level canal and the latter a lock canal with
the summit level 85’ above the sea. The Isthmian Canal Commission with
but one dissenting voice recommended the adoption of the lock type
proposed by the minority.
On June 29, 1906 Congress in opposition to the majority report of the
engineers, provided that the 85-foot lock type of canal be constructed
across the Isthmus; and work has since continued on that plan. This
final decision, however, was made with reluctance by many congressmen
and some of them are regretting it today.
This Congress also decided that all materials used in building the
canal should be purchased in the United States.
Early in 1909 a special body of engineers appointed by the President
accompanied W. H. Taft on an inspection trip to Panama particularly
with a view to determining the feasibility of the Gatun dam project.
In a report made February 16 they unanimously approved the plans for
the various changes in the original project made by the engineer. This
included the widening of the locks to 110 feet and constructing the
Pacific dams at Miraflores instead of at La Boca.
IV. TYPE OF CANAL
The controversy over the relative merits of a lock and a sea-level
canal at Panama is as old as the question of building the canal itself.
Supporters of the lock canal now in process of construction have sought
to silence the storm of protest occasioned by its adoption; but in
spite of their precautions reports have reached the American public
which have created a lack of faith in the present engineers and their
methods.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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