(_e_) ~Dir.~--Dir is the mountainous country drained by the Panjkora and its tributaries, to the north of its junction with the Rud river in Bajaur. It is separated from Chitral by the Uchiri Range, which forms the watershed of the Panjkora and Kunar rivers. The military road to Kila Drosh crosses this chain by the Lowari Pass at a height of 10,200 feet. The people of Dir are mostly Yusafzais, relations of the Swatis, whom they much resemble in character. They pay one-tenth of their produce to their overlord, the Khan of Dir, when he is strong enough to take it. The higher parts of the country have a good climate and contain fine _deodar_ forests. The Khan derives much of his income from the export of timber, which is floated down the Panjkora and Swat rivers. (_f_) ~Chitral.~--The Pathan country ends at the Lowari Pass. Beyond, right up to the main axis of the Hindu Kush, is Chitral. It comprises the basin of the Yarkhun or Chitral river from its distant source in the Shawar Shur glacier to Arnawai, where it receives from the west the waters of the Bashgul, and is thenceforth known as the Kunar. Its western boundary is the Durand line, which follows a lofty chain sometimes called the Kafiristan range. Another great spur of the Hindu Kush known as the Shandur range divides Chitral on the east from the basin of the Yasin river and the territories included in the Gilgit Agency (see Chapter XXVIII). Chitral is a fine country with a few fertile valleys, good forests below 11,000 feet, and splendid, if desolate, mountains in the higher ranges. The Chitralis are a quiet pleasure-loving people, fond of children and of dancing, hawking, and polo. They are no cowards and no fanatics, but have little regard for truth or good faith. The common language is Khowar (see page 112). The chief, known as the Mehtar, has his headquarters at Chitral, a large village on the river of the same name. It is dominated at a distance by the great snow peak of Tirach Mir (see page 22). The British garrison is stationed at Kila Drosh on the river bank about halfway between Chitral and the Lowari Pass[16]. [Illustration: Fig. 135.] ~Mohmands and Mallagoris.~--South of the Utman Khel country and north of the Khaibar are the rugged and barren hills held by that part of the Mohmand tribe which lives inside the Durand line. The clan can muster about 20,000 fighting men and is as convenient a neighbour as a nest of hornets. The southern edge of the tract, where it abuts on the Khaibar, is held by the little Mallagori tribe, which is independent of the Mohmands. Their country is important strategically because a route passes through it by which the Khaibar can be outflanked. It is included in the charge of the Political Agent for the Khaibar.