The party battles of the Jackson periodBowers, Claude G. (Claude Gernade)
History
The party battles of the Jackson period
Bowers, Claude G. (Claude Gernade)
Jackson, Andrew, 1767-1845; United States -- Politics and government -- 1829-1837
It should be borne in mind that the Daniel Webster who emerged from the
debate was not the same public character who had entered it. By that
epochal utterance he obliterated the one vulnerable point in his
career--for the Daniel Webster of 1829 was vulnerable. He entered
politics in New Hampshire as a Federalist--“liberal Federalist,” to use
the phrase of his biographer.[246] Notwithstanding this “liberality,” he
was to become considerably smirched by party loyalty during the war with
England. This war was the occasion for his first public utterance, when,
on July 4, 1812, he bitterly denounced the war with true Federalistic
fervor at Portsmouth. This speech, printed and circulated for propaganda
purposes against the war, ran into two editions, and led to his
selection as a delegate to the notorious Rockingham County mass meeting.
Here it fell to him to prepare the address known to history as the
“Rockingham Memorial” to which the advocates of the sinister doctrine of
Nullification pointed approvingly up to the Civil War. The notoriety of
this document resulted in his election to Congress, where his record was
everything it should not have been.
His first move was to heckle the President by calling upon him for
information as to the time and manner of the repeal of the French
decrees--which was in line with his previous denunciation of France. The
enemies of the War of 1812 were bitter against the French, just as the
enemies of the World War, over a century later, were bitter against the
English. And while his country was at war with a powerful foe, he voted
against taxes necessary for the waging of it; fought the compulsory
draft of men for the miserable little army on the ground that the States
alone had the right to resort to conscription; and even threatened the
dissolution of the Union with the suggestion that “it would be the
solemn duty of the State Governments to protect their authority over
their own State militia, and to interpose between their citizens and
arbitrary power.” He stubbornly resisted the attempt to extend martial
law to all citizens suspected of treason; actually declaimed against the
bill to encourage enlistments; opposed the war policy of the war
Administration and urged a defensive warfare. And, of course, he
intemperately denounced the embargo.
This course made him by long odds the most conspicuous Federalist in the
House, and while he opposed the Hartford Convention, he does not appear
to have looked upon it as seditious or treasonable, and as late as 1820,
in his Boston speech, utterly ignored by his biographers, he practically
proclaimed the right of secession. In brief, throughout the second war
against England he was found just on the safe side of the line of
sedition. His position at the time was notorious, and Isaac Hill, in the
“New Hampshire Patriot,” was openly accusing him of trying to dissolve
the Union and to array the North against the South.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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