The consolidated areas vary greatly in size and number;[10] often they are small and involve only single lobules, which now stand out as granular, generally elevated patches on the surrounding congested plane. Their color, as on the pleura, varies. They may be dark, almost hemorrhagic, fading through the reds, pinks, and greys. They may be firm, or, at the other extreme, honeycombed by small, often narrow, cavities, from which a material similar to that described on the surface wells forth. The latter change is more frequent if the consolidated area is large. It has occurred most often in the pseudolobar and in the lobar types of the process. The pseudolobar change is differentiated, not only by the confluence of more or less definite lobular patches and by its involvement of portions of contiguous lobes rather than a single lobe, but also by variations in the color and consistence of the different lobular foci. This is in contrast with lobar involvement where the entire lobe is affected by a uniform process usually at the same stage of development. Although the consistence may vary in different portions, usually the same color is present throughout. (Compare Figs. XIV and XXVIII.) In one instance where a solid, yellow lobe was found, its center contained an irregular, fresh blood clot (Fig. XVIII), which would be sufficient to differentiate this type of consolidation from that of respiratory disease in which the initial lesion is less destructive. Sometimes the softening in a hepatized lobule or group of lobules is much more evident, and the zone becomes divided by irregular channels filled with viscid, grey or brown material (108, 149, 162). When such a condition lies just beneath the pleural surface, it may be distinctly seen from without (Fig. XXXIII). The pleura bulges, the normal topography of the local zone is lost, and it appears as a dull, somewhat projecting, circumscribed patch, two or three or more centimeters in diameter, the surface of which has a more or less characteristic brown or brownish black opacity. As soon as this is sectioned there pours from the cavity the liquefied exudate in which the destroyed pulmonary parenchyma is mixed (Fig. XXXIV). Occasionally, strands of tissue still traverse the cavity, but, as a rule, it empties itself completely, and leaves a brownish black wall. The delicate, sweet but persistent and penetrating odor is not so marked as with typical gangrene. _Histological Picture._