Microscopic examination of the lung showed the alveoli filled with an acute inflammatory exudate in many stages of degeneration and hyalinization (Fig. XLII). Abscesses were frequent, but were for the most part small. A similar necrotic mass was contained in the bronchi. There were, however, features of the microscopic picture that outweighed those already described. The alveolar and bronchiolar exudates were everywhere being invaded by a young granulation tissue, rich in fibroblasts and capillaries. Mononuclear cells abounded in the new tissue. Even more striking than the mesodermal new growth was the epithelial proliferation which could be seen in many areas. It not only attempted to cover the denuded bronchial surfaces, but stretched over masses of exudate and granulation in the lumina and extended in tongue-like projections for a considerable distance into the surrounding lung tissue (Fig. XLVIII). [Illustration: FIG. XXVII. AUTOPSY NO. 115. HERE THE HEMORRHAGIC CONSOLIDATION INVOLVES THE DEPENDENT PORTION OF THE LUNG; CONTRAST THIS WITH THE EDEMATOUS AND EMPHYSEMATOUS UPPER LOBE. ] [Illustration: FIG. XXVIII. AUTOPSY NO. 118. THE CONSOLIDATION IS GREY IN COLOR AND LOBAR IN TYPE. IN THE CENTER OF THE HEPATIZED LOBE THERE IS A LARGE HEMORRHAGE. THE UPPER LOBE IS CONGESTED AND EDEMATOUS. ] Cultures of the blood, lung, and pleural fluid showed gram-positive, bile insoluble diplococci which formed chains, and morphologically and culturally were Streptococcus mucosus capsulatus. These two examples differ widely in the distribution of the pulmonary involvement. They show the acute inflammatory process persisting and complicating the attempt at repair, which manifests itself, not only by the formation of granulation tissue, but also by extensive epithelial proliferation. Still a third type of chronic lesion is manifested in Autopsy No. 209, where the necrotizing and organizing process in the pulmonary parenchyma is associated with typical saccular bronchiectatic cavities. _Autopsy No. 209._ A white woman, aged 55 years, was admitted to the New Haven Hospital complaining of weakness and ill health following pleurisy. For the past seventeen years she had suffered from a gradually progressing arthritis, which had resulted in marked deformity and disability. Five weeks before admission she became ill with chills, fever, cough, and pain on both sides of the chest. Thereafter, her general condition had gradually grown worse.