The Pearl, its story, its charm, and its valueCattelle, Wallis Richard
History
The Pearl, its story, its charm, and its value
Cattelle, Wallis Richard
Pearls
In the early days pearls brought from the Orient were therefore called
"Oriental" pearls. For the same reason the fine mellow luster which
characterized and made them superior to others came to be known as the
"orient" of the pearl. These pearls were taken from oysters found on
the coasts of Ceylon, Arabia, and the Red Sea. Later, when the same
kind of oysters containing similar pearls were found in other seas,
they were also classified with them, until the term "oriental" is now
applied usually to all true pearls taken from salt water mollusks, to
distinguish them from those found in the fresh water mussels and other
products of ocean shell-fish which, though similar in construction and
composition, are not nacreous. Occasionally, however, the term is
still applied specifically to pearls from the Indian Seas, though their
"orient" or luster is not always finer than that of like pearls found
in many other localities.
Pearl oysters are varieties of the Avicula Margaritifera, of which
the Meleagrina Margaritifera is the most prolific of mother-of-pearl
and pearls combined, and, the Indian excepted, yields the finest
pearls. All pearl oysters do not produce sufficient mother-of-pearl
to make their shells valuable, nor do they all contain pearls. The
name therefore applies to all oysters whose secretions are productive,
in some degree, of mother-of-pearl and therefore under favorable
conditions of pearls also.
"Fresh-water" or "sweet-water" pearls are, as the name signifies, those
found in the mollusks of inland waters. This mollusk is a mussel. The
name "mussel" in Anglo-Saxon signifies something which retires on being
touched. It is known as "Unio" of which there are many pearl-bearing
varieties.
In both the sea oyster and the fresh-water mussel, other nacreous
formations occur of irregular shape called "baroque" pearls. The
orientals approach more nearly to the globular and hemispherical form
of true pearls, having frequently the lumpy rotundity of a snowball and
sometimes sections which are smooth and round. The fresh-water baroques
are usually very irregular, often fantastically so. Many resemble
the incisor teeth of man or distorted grains of corn. Slender pieces
similar to the wing of a bird and therefore called "wing" pearls, or
"hinge" pearls because they are found near the hinge of the shell,
are common. Some are shaped like a flat spike nail. Unlike oriental
baroques, the surface of a large proportion of the fresh-waters is
grooved or indented and some show a beautiful iridescence. Large button
baroques of fine luster and iridescent, especially when they have a
decided tinge of pink, have come to be known of late as "rose" pearls.
Another variety of pink baroques having a fairly regular shape with a
lustrous and finely irregular pimply surface are known as "strawberry"
pearls. These terms are applied indiscriminately to the two varieties
however.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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