[59] Lumholtz, _Unknown Mexico_, 1:362, 2:54; Bennett and Zingg, _The Tarahumara_, 295. See also Wissler, _The American Indian_, 213; _Handbook of the American Indians_, 1:604b. In the Plains some tribes differentiated twigs and leaves as male and female. [60] The Tarahumari feast for the moon involves smoking to make clouds (Lumholtz, _Unknown Mexico_, 2:130; _Tarahumari Dances_, 441). The Huichol carry “tamale” cigarettes in their gourds and offer them to Grandfather Fire. [61] Bennett and Zingg, _The Tarahumara_, 67; Beals, _Aboriginal Survivals_, 32; Russell, _The Pima_, 168; Spier, _Havasupai Ethnography_, 272; Lumholtz, _Unknown Mexico_, 1:313; Opler, _The Influence of Aboriginal Pattern_, _The Use of Peyote_; Sayles, _An Archaeological Survey_, Table 2; Oliver, in Gatschet, _The Karankawa Indians_, 18; Gatschet, in Swadesh, _Chitamacha Texts_; Kroeber, _The Seri_, 14, 42; Roberts, _Musical Areas_, 21; Paz, _Koasati Field Notes_; Bartram, _Travels_, 502; Speck, _Yuchi_, 61. [62] Tarahumari officials are called igúsuame, “stick-bearers” (Bennett and Zingg, _op. cit._, 375-76) but this may be an Hispanicism. However, Aztec merchants (Sahagún) carried staffs. But so far as the peyote ritual is concerned, the staff is not mentioned for the Cora-Huichol or Tarahumari; and the various names for the peyote staff in the Plains suggests either an indigenous or a Southwestern, not a Mexican, origin. [63] Bennett and Zingg, _The Tarahumari_, 71, 293-94; Lumholtz, _Unknown Mexico_, 1:366-67. The Tarahumari hunter used a notched deer-bone rasp. The Cora, Mayo, and Pima, Hopi and Northern Paiute suggest a general Uto-Aztecan occurrence of the trait, but the rasp, is also Wichita, Hidatsa. [64] Prieto, _Historia y Estadistica_, 123-24. See the Plains section for discussion of drums. [65] A little white flower, tōtó, of the wet corn-producing season symbolizes corn for the Huichol and is a prayer for it, being plastered on women’s cheeks, woven in girdles, etc. (Lumholtz, _Unknown Mexico_, 229-30). The Tamaulipecan rite celebrates the harvest and deer-hunting as well as war; the Tepehuane all-night rite with a mimicry of deer-hunting ends with a feast on the first “toasted corn” of the season (Lumholtz, 1:479). Acaxee corn toasted on the ear was the usual food on war-parties (Beals, 10). Concerning the standardized parched-corn in sugar-water of the Plains, note that the Aztec made offerings of toasted corn (sometimes with honey), and to the culture-hero Opuchtli offered mumuchtli “a sort of corn which when toasted opens up and shows the white marrow [popcorn] forming a very white flower. They said this represented hail, which is attributed to the water gods.” (Sahagún, _A History of Ancient Mexico_, 1:36, 40, 87.)