=233= The message to Darcy from Shrewsbury’s camp. After the rebellion was over, when even the executions were almost at an end, Christopher Lassels, who was imprisoned in the Tower with Aske, was heard to say that Aske had told him “very sure tokens” by which the man who sent the warning might be recognised. This remark of Lassels was reported to Cromwell on 22 July 1537, but there is no record to show whether any arrest was made on Lassels’ information. (L. and P. XII (2), 321.) =237= _For_ “Sir Robert Bowes of Barnard Castle, and his sons” _read_ “Robert Bowes and his brothers.” =266= The deposition against Hogon is printed in full, with illustrative notes by Furnivall, in “Ballads from MSS,” vol. I, pt 2, p. 310 (Ballad Society). =273= Hutton of Snape, probably a misreading of Snaith. =281= Pickering’s poem is printed by Furnivall in “Ballads from MSS,” vol. I, pt 2, p. 301 (Ballad Society). The editor states that it was published at Ripon in 1843, with a preface by J. R. W. I have not seen this last version, but it appears that neither Furnivall nor J. R. W. knew the author of the poem and its occasion, though they conjectured correctly that it referred to the Pilgrimage of Grace. =317= Henry VIII and the letter. Cf. Chapuys’ despatch of 3 November 1533:—“On 25 October Henry had received Gardiner’s letter of the 17th, in which the bishop reported that Clement had refused to dispose of the matrimonial cause in the offhand manner that had been suggested. Henry became pale with anger and crushed Gardiner’s letter in his hand, exclaiming that he was betrayed, and that the King of France was not the true friend he had thought. He continued for some time to swear at the pope, and could not regain his equanimity.” (L. and P. VI, 1392.) =364= As late as 1596 it was maintained that the long bow was superior to firearms (Sir H. Knyvet, “Defence of the Realme,” 1596), but on the other hand as early as 1515 in a paper relating to Ireland it was stated that “the wild Irish and English rebels of all the land doth dread more and feareth the sudden shot of guns much more than the shot of arrows or any other shot of kind of weapon in this world.” (L. and P. II (1), 1366, printed in full Furnivall, “Ballads from MSS,” I, pt 1, p. 38 [Ballad Society].) [Illustration: _Cambridge Univ. Press_ ] [Illustration: _Cambridge Univ. Press_ ] [Illustration: _Cambridge Univ. Press_ ] [Illustration: _Cambridge Univ. Press_ ] [Illustration: _Cambridge Univ. Press_ ] CHAPTER I THE TURNING-POINT