The Place of Science in Modern Civilisation, and Other Essays — John Shaqi
The Place of Science in Modern Civilisation, and Other EssaysVeblen, Thorstein
Philosophy
The Place of Science in Modern Civilisation, and Other Essays
Veblen, Thorstein
Economics; Science
Beyond this, in their exercise of scientific initiative, as well as in
the norms which guide the systematisation of scientific results, the
contention will not be made good--at least not for the current phase of
scientific knowledge. The claim, indeed, carries its own refutation. In
making such a claim, both in rejecting the imputation of metaphysical
postulates and in defending their position against their critics, the
arguments put forward by the scientists run in causal terms. For the
polemical purposes, where their antagonists are to be scientifically
confuted, the defenders of the non-committal postulate of concomitance
find that postulate inadequate. They are not content, in this precarious
conjuncture, simply to attest a relation of idle quantitative
concomitance (mathematical function) between the allegations of their
critics, on the one hand, and their own controversial exposition of
these matters on the other hand. They argue that they do not "make use
of" such a postulate as "efficiency," whereas they claim to "make use
of" the concept of function. But "make use of" is not a notion of
functional variation but of causal efficiency in a somewhat gross and
highly anthropomorphic form. The relation between their own thinking and
the "principles" which they "apply" or the experiments and calculations
which they "institute" in their "search" for facts, is not held to be of
this non-committal kind. It will not be claimed that the shrewd insight
and the bold initiative of a man eminent in the empirical sciences bear
no more efficient or consequential a relation than that of mathematical
function to the ingenious experiments by which he tests his hypotheses
and extends the secure bounds of human knowledge. Least of all is the
masterly experimentalist himself in a position to deny that his
intelligence counts for something more efficient than idle concomitance
in such a case. The connection between his premises, hypotheses, and
experiments, on the one hand, and his theoretical results, on the other
hand, is not felt to be of the nature of mathematical function.
Consistently adhered to, the principle of "function" or concomitant
variation precludes recourse to experiment, hypotheses or
inquiry--indeed, it precludes "recourse" to anything whatever. Its
notation does not comprise anything so anthropomorphic.
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