According to Leonidas[374] fissures and cracks in the prepuce frequently occurred, in all cases of the latter being too tight and being forcibly drawn back. On these supervened pain and phlegmonous inflammation; and then if a cure were not speedily effected, the edges assumed a condition of callosity, necessitating the use of the knife for its removal. However, more often than not the wound broke out again, because as was noted as early as by _Hippocrates_,[375] wounds of the prepuce are as a rule obstinate in healing. To meet this eventuality _Galen_[376] provides an entirely suitable procedure. While ulcers of the glans penis demand desiccative remedies, those of the prepuce rather call for _epilotics_,[377] especially anise. Supposing the prepuce to become gangrenous, it must be cut away circularly, and the bleeding stopped by cauterization; if this treatment is not needful, a mixture of verdigris with honey, or pomegranate and vetch is applied.[378] Ulcers on the inner fold of the prepuce, as also on the skin of the penis generally, are mentioned by _Celsus_ (VI. 18.), the latter likewise by _Galen_.[379] Such ulcers on the inner fold of the prepuce, Celsus states, not unfrequently give occasion to the setting up of phimosis and paraphimosis; and yet another consequence, a morbid growing together of glans and prepuce was observed by _Oribasius_ (loco citato, 5.) and _Paulus Aegineta_ (VI. 56.), for which these authors prescribe appropriate medical and surgical treatment. Under the name of _cancer_ (eating ulcer) of the prepuce Celsus, it would seem, describes the νομὴ (spreading ulcer) of the Greek physicians, which commences by the ulcer turning black. Occasionally too the ulcers developed out of themselves morbid growths, excrescences or condylomata, particularly the form known as _thymion_ (warty excrescence). b. _Ulcers of the Glans Penis._ These are, as pointed out by _Celsus_ (VI. 18.), best described by taking their pathological and therapeutic aspects together; but it would serve no useful purpose to quote once more in this place the passages dealing with this part of the subject, which have been so often printed already. He makes a distinction, as does _Galen_,[380] between dry and clean, moist and suppurative, ulcers, the latter of which readily lead to phimosis and paraphimosis. The discharge is sometimes thin and watery, sometimes purulent, and on occasion becomes evil-smelling; the ulcerations both spread superficially and penetrate inwards, and may actually destroy the glans underneath the prepuce, so that it perishes altogether. When this happens, _Paulus Aegineta_ (VI. 57.) has a leaden pipette inserted in the orifice of the urethra, to enable the patient to pass water. In other cases the prepuce grows into one with the ulcerated glans penis (_Celsus_, _Paulus Aegineta_, _Oribasius_). Ulcers _circa coronam glandis_ (round the crown of the glans penis) are mentioned by _Aëtius_.[381]