The third division of constructive fantasy, comprising exaggeration
and depreciation, is also an object of playful activity. All children
delight in giants and dwarfs, whether because they excite pleasurable
emotions by their disproportionateness, which appeals to the comic
sense, or whether it is the strong stimulus of what is unusual that
accounts for the attraction. Marie G—— improvised a rare tale when she
was five and a half years old, which well illustrates exaggeration, as
well as conscious illusion and imaginative combination. The child was
lying in bed in the early morning with a copy of Grimm’s tales, and
pretended to be reading from it. “Once upon a time there was a king
who had a little daughter. She lay in the cradle. He came in and knew
it was his daughter, and they both had a wedding. As they sat at the
table the king said, ‘Please draw me some beer in a big glass.’ Then
they brought a glass that was thirty yards high, and went to sleep;
only the king stayed up as a watchman. And if they are not dead they
are living there yet.” Of course the child had no clear idea of how
high this glass would be, but she evidently pictured one whose size
far transcended the limits of reality—of this I subsequently satisfied
myself. Adults are constantly using this sort of imaginative exercise
in a playful way in verbal exaggeration. The talk of students and of
girls abounds in superlatives, and they are employed by satirists with
telling effect—so much so that the recounter himself is sometimes
deceived by his own extravagance. Schneegans says in his interesting
book: “The grotesque satirist is often carried away by his own work,
and gradually loses sight of his original aim; ... and finally the
conclusion is forced upon us that the writer has yielded to his passion
for gross exaggeration.” This is certainly true of Rabelais, when he
says that Pantagruel had but to put out his tongue to protect his whole
army from the rain, or that his arrows were as large as the beams of
the bridge at Nantes, and yet with one of them he could shoot an oyster
from its shell without breaking the latter; or when he describes the
people who needed no tailor, since one of their ears served as hose,
doublet, and vest, while the other was used like a Spanish mantle. This
last morsel recalls some of the folk tales which have amused the masses
for more than two thousand years. While we may not lightly affirm that
the grotesque extravagance of some of these stories is always due to
imaginative play, yet we can trace it in such of them as the Greenland
myth of little Kagsagsuk, whom the men lifted by the nostrils until
they grew enormous, while the rest of his poorly fed body remained
as small as ever, and in the account of his subsequent marvellous
strength. Kagsagsuk divided the mob as though it had been made of
little fishes, and ran so vigorously that his heels hit the back of his
neck, and the snow flying up around him made shining rainbows.[306]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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