119 d’Elia translation, cited, p. 266, note 1. Father d’Elia discusses the reasons which made it seem more probable that Sun was transliterating the name Millar into Chinese rather than (John Stuart) Mill. 120 d’Elia translation, cited, p. 256 and following. 121 d’Elia translation, cited, p. 271. 122 d’Elia translation, cited, p. 273. 123 d’Elia translation, cited, pp. 242-243. 124 d’Elia translation, cited, p. 223 and following. Dr. Hsü (cited, p. 263 and following) translates these four epochs as following: _hung fang_, “the stage of the great wilderness”; _shen ch’üan_, “the state of theocracy”; _chun ch’üan_, “the stage of monarchy”; and _min ch’üan_, “the stage of democracy.” 125 d’Elia translation, cited, pp. 241-242. 126 Linebarger, _Conversations_, cited, Book II, ch. 2. 127 It is of interest to note that the “New Life Movement” inaugurated by Chiang Chieh-shih is concerned with many such petty matters such as those enumerated above. Each of these small problems is in itself of little consequence; in the aggregate they loom large. 128 d’Elia translation, cited, p. 331. 129 Hsü translation, cited, p. 352. It is interesting to note that the translation by Father d’Elia gives a more literal translation of the names that Sun Yat-sen applied to these categories. He translates the Chinese terms as _pre-seeing_, _post-seeing_, and _non-seeing_. 130 Hsü translation, cited, p. 352. 131 d’Elia translation, cited, p. 348. 132 d’Elia translation, cited, p. 352. Sun Yat-sen defined democracy thus: “... under a republican government, the people is sovereign.” 133 Tai Chi-tao, cited, p. 25, refers to this distinction as being between force (_Gewalt_) and power (_Macht_). To the people belonged, and rightfully, the force which could sanction or refuse to sanction the existence of the government and the confirmation of its policies. The government had the power (_Macht_), which the people did not have, of formulating intelligent policies and carrying them out in an organized manner. 134 Liang Chi-ch’ao, cited, pp. 50-52. 135 d’Elia translation, cited, pp. 279 and following. 136 d’Elia translation, cited, p. 368.