The Polity of the Athenians and the Lacedaemonians — John Shaqi
The Polity of the Athenians and the LacedaemoniansXenophon
History
The Polity of the Athenians and the Lacedaemonians
Xenophon
Classical literature; Greece -- Politics and government -- Early works to 1800
When the right moment for encamping has come, the king is responsible
for that, and has to point out the proper place. The despatch of
emissaries, however, whether to friends or to foes, is (not) (19) the
king's affair. Petitioners in general wishing to transact anything
treat, in the first instance, with the king. If the case concerns some
point of justice, the king despatches the petitioner to the Hellanodikai
(who form the court-martial); if of money, to the paymasters. (20) If
the petitioner brings booty, he is sent off to the Laphuropolai (or
sellers of spoil). This being the mode of procedure, no other duty is
left to the king, whilst he is on active service, except to play the
part of priest in matters concerning the gods and of commander-in-chief
in his relationship to men. (21)
(19) The MSS. give {au}, "is again," but the word {mentoi}, "however,"
and certain passages in "Hell." II. ii. 12, 13; II. iv. 38 suggest
the negative {ou} in place of {au}. If {au} be right, then we
should read {ephoren} in place of {basileos}, "belongs to the
ephors."
(20) Technically the {tamiai}.
(21) See Aristot. "Pol." iii. 14.
XIV (1)
Now, if the question be put to me, Do you maintain that the laws of
Lycurgus remain still to this day unchanged? that indeed is an assertion
which I should no longer venture to maintain; knowing, as I do, that in
former times the Lacedaemonians preferred to live at home on moderate
means, content to associate exclusively with themselves rather than
to play the part of governor-general (2) in foreign states and to be
corrupted by flattery; knowing further, as I do, that formerly they
dreaded to be detected in the possession of gold, whereas nowadays there
are not a few who make it their glory and their boast to be possessed of
it. I am very well aware that in former days alien acts (3) were put
in force for this very object. To live abroad was not allowed. And why?
Simply in order that the citizens of Sparta might not take the infection
of dishonesty and light-living from foreigners; whereas now I am very
well aware that those who are reputed to be leading citizens have
but one ambition, and that is to live to the end of their days as
governors-general on a foreign soil. (4) The days were when their sole
anxiety was to fit themselves to lead the rest of Hellas. But nowadays
they concern themselves much more to wield command than to be fit
themselves to rule. And so it has come to pass that whereas in old days
the states of Hellas flocked to Lacedaemon seeking her leadership (5)
against the supposed wrongdoer, now numbers are inviting one another to
prevent the Lacedaemonians again recovering their empire. (6) Yet, if
they have incurred all these reproaches, we need not wonder, seeing that
they are so plainly disobedient to the god himself and to the laws of
their own lawgiver Lycurgus.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account