The Press-Gang Afloat and AshoreHutchinson, J. R. (John Robert)
History
The Press-Gang Afloat and Ashore
Hutchinson, J. R. (John Robert)
Great Britain -- History, Naval; Impressment
Such thoroughly organised preparedness as this, however, was the
exception rather than the rule, for though often attempted, it rarely
reached perfection or stood the actual test. The sailor was too
childlike by nature to play the fraud successfully, and as for the
impress officer and the gangsman, neither was easily gulled. Supposing
the sailor, then, to have nothing to hope for from deception or
concealment, and supposing, too, that it was he who had the rough bottom
beneath him and the fleet keel in pursuit, how was he to outwit the gang
and evade the pinch? Nothing remained for him but to heave duty by the
board and abandon his ship to the doubtful mercies of wind and wave.
He accordingly went over the side with all the haste he could,
appropriating the boats in defiance of authority, and leaving only the
master and his mate, the protected carpenter and the apprentices to work
the ship. Many a trader from overseas, summarily abandoned in this
way, crawled into some outlying port, far from her destination, in
quest--since a rigorous press often left no others available--of "old
men and boys to carry her up." There is even on record the case of
a ship that passed the Nore "without a man belonging to her but the
master, the passengers helping him to sail her." Her people had "all
got ashore by Harwich." [Footnote: _Admiralty Records_ 1. 1473--Capt.
Bouler, 18 Feb. 1725-6.]
Few shipowners were so foolhardy as to incur the risk of being thus hit
in the pocket by the sailor's well-known predilection for French leave
when in danger of the press. Nor were the masters, for they, even when
not part owners, had still an appreciable stake in the safety of the
ships they sailed. As between masters, owners and men there consequently
sprang up a sort of triangular sympathy, having for its base a common
dread of the gangs, and for its apex their circumvention. This apex
necessarily touched the coast at a point contiguous to the ocean tracks
of the respective trades in which the ships sailed; and here, in some
spot far removed from the regular haunts of the gangsman, an emergency
crew was mustered by those indefatigable purveyors, the crimps, and held
in readiness against the expected arrival.
Composed of seafaring men too old, too feeble, or too diseased to excite
the cupidity of the most zealous lieutenant who eked out his pay on
impress perquisites; of lads but recently embarked on the adventurous
voyage of their teens; of pilots willing, for a consideration, to forego
the pleasure of running ships aground; of fishermen who evaded His
Majesty's press under colour of Sea-Fencible, Militia, or Admiralty
protections; and of unpressable foreigners whose wives bewailed them
more or less beyond the seas, this scratch crew--the Preventive Men of
the merchant service--here awaited the preconcerted signal which should
apprise them that their employer's ship was ready for a change of hands.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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